Vaia storm of 2018 caused extensive damage to the forest stands of northeastern Italy, affecting more than 42.000 hectares of forest and causing fallings of over 9 million m3 of stock. Following this event, a study was initiated to better understand the dynamics of forest regeneration in the alpine environment in areas damaged by windthrow. In 2019, thanks to a joint work between the University of Padua and the Regole d'Ampezzo, two pairs of study areas have been set up in the municipality of Cortina D’Ampezzo (BL), one pair in Ospitale locality and one pair in Valbona locality. The areas are about 1 hectare in size and, for each location, one area has been set aside for free development (no intervention) and one area has been cleared of all fallen material (salvage logging). This thesis, carried out two years after the first surveys, has allowed an initial check on how the regeneration has settled in the short term. Analyses showed that spruce (Picea abies) regeneration is preponderant in all study areas, with the exception of the Valbona salvage logging area where an increasing number of beech (Fagus sylvatica) and rowan (Sorbus aucuparia) plants were observed. The Valbona no intervention area showed the greatest increase in both the number of plants and the number of species. The effects of deadwood accumulation and geomorphology on the presence of the regeneration were studied and it was found that the presence of deadwood can positively influence the development of the regeneration, however an excessive accumulation can act as a limiting factor. The salvage logging areas showed how even small amounts of dead wood can facilitate the establishment of spruce regeneration and provide protection from phenomena such as grazing on rowan trees. However, analyses on spruce plants showed that the protective effect of dead wood in salvage logging areas seems to vanish when regeneration exceeds the height of the accumulations, leading the plants towards stress and dried-out conditions. It is therefore considered that the no-intervention option is the most suitable form of treatment for natural regeneration dynamics, in which deadwood plays a key role. In the future, it will therefore be necessary to pay particular attention to the dynamics associated with the development of deadwood.
La tempesta Vaia del 2018 ha causato ingenti danni al patrimonio forestale del nord-est italiano, interessando più di 42.000 ettari di bosco e provocando schianti per oltre 9 milioni di m3 di legname. In seguito a questo evento, è stato avviato uno studio volto a comprendere meglio le dinamiche della rinnovazione forestale in ambiente alpino in aree danneggiate da schianti da vento. Nel 2019, grazie ad un lavoro congiunto tra l’Università degli Studi di Padova e le Regole d’Ampezzo, sono state allestite due coppie di aree studio nel comune di Cortina d’Ampezzo (BL), una coppia in località Ospitale ed una coppia in località Valbona. Le aree hanno una dimensione di circa 1 ettaro ciascuna e, per ogni località, un’area è stata destinata ad essere lasciata a libera evoluzione (no intervention) e un’area è stata sgomberata di tutto il materiale schiantato (salvage logging). Questa tesi, realizzata due anni dopo i primi rilievi, ha consentito di effettuare un primo monitoraggio di come si sia insediata la rinnovazione nel breve periodo. Dalle analisi è emerso come la rinnovazione di abete rosso (Picea abies) sia preponderante in tutte le aree studio, ad eccezione dell’area Valbona salvage logging, dove è stato osservato un crescente numero di piante di faggio (Fagus sylvatica) e sorbo (Sorbus aucuparia). L’area Valbona no intervention ha mostrato i valori di incremento maggiori sia nel numero di piante che nel numero di specie. Sono stati poi studiati gli effetti dell’accumulo di legno morto e della geomorfologia sulla presenza della rinnovazione ed è emerso come la presenza di legno morto possa influenzare positivamente lo sviluppo della rinnovazione, tuttavia un eccessivo accumulo può fungere da fattore limitante. Le aree salvage logging hanno mostrato come anche esigue quantità di legno morto possano agevolare l’insediamento della rinnovazione di abete rosso e garantire protezione da fenomeni come la brucatura sui sorbi. Tuttavia, dalle analisi sulle piante di abete rosso, è emerso come l’effetto protettivo del legno morto nelle aree salvage logging sembri svanire quando la rinnovazione supera l’altezza degli accumuli, portando le piante verso condizioni di stress e disseccamento. Si ritiene quindi che l’opzione no intervention sia la forma di trattamento più favorevole alle dinamiche di rinnovazione naturale, nella quale il legno morto svolge un ruolo fondamentale. In futuro, sarà quindi necessario porre particolare attenzione alle dinamiche legate allo sviluppo della necromassa.
Analisi delle dinamiche di breve periodo della rinnovazione forestale in aree interessate dalla tempesta Vaia nel Parco Naturale delle Dolomiti d'Ampezzo
PRESSI, LUCA
2021/2022
Abstract
Vaia storm of 2018 caused extensive damage to the forest stands of northeastern Italy, affecting more than 42.000 hectares of forest and causing fallings of over 9 million m3 of stock. Following this event, a study was initiated to better understand the dynamics of forest regeneration in the alpine environment in areas damaged by windthrow. In 2019, thanks to a joint work between the University of Padua and the Regole d'Ampezzo, two pairs of study areas have been set up in the municipality of Cortina D’Ampezzo (BL), one pair in Ospitale locality and one pair in Valbona locality. The areas are about 1 hectare in size and, for each location, one area has been set aside for free development (no intervention) and one area has been cleared of all fallen material (salvage logging). This thesis, carried out two years after the first surveys, has allowed an initial check on how the regeneration has settled in the short term. Analyses showed that spruce (Picea abies) regeneration is preponderant in all study areas, with the exception of the Valbona salvage logging area where an increasing number of beech (Fagus sylvatica) and rowan (Sorbus aucuparia) plants were observed. The Valbona no intervention area showed the greatest increase in both the number of plants and the number of species. The effects of deadwood accumulation and geomorphology on the presence of the regeneration were studied and it was found that the presence of deadwood can positively influence the development of the regeneration, however an excessive accumulation can act as a limiting factor. The salvage logging areas showed how even small amounts of dead wood can facilitate the establishment of spruce regeneration and provide protection from phenomena such as grazing on rowan trees. However, analyses on spruce plants showed that the protective effect of dead wood in salvage logging areas seems to vanish when regeneration exceeds the height of the accumulations, leading the plants towards stress and dried-out conditions. It is therefore considered that the no-intervention option is the most suitable form of treatment for natural regeneration dynamics, in which deadwood plays a key role. In the future, it will therefore be necessary to pay particular attention to the dynamics associated with the development of deadwood.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/10000