Human behaviour is strongly influenced by the environment in which it occurs (Costa, 2013). Urban regeneration consists of a series of interventions designed to improve quality of life by transforming the built environment (Roberts et al., 2017). However, regeneration strategies mainly driven by political and economic intentions have had negative outcomes for society and environmental justice. This has promoted a shift towards citizen-led regeneration models that prioritise the direct involvement of local communities. Yet, research highlights the widespread rhetorical use of participation, often resulting in tokenism (Arnstein, 1969) rather than effective power-sharing practices (Moulaert & Vicari Haddock, 2009). Drawing on environmental psychology and urban regeneration scholarship, this thesis analyses the participatory processes activated in a northern Italian municipality, during the planning phase of interventions. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with citizens (n =17) and stakeholders (n=9) to explore the quality of the participatory practices and the positioning assumed by the actors involved. Reflexive thematic analysis highlighted, among citizens, strong place attachment, internal community divisions, and tension between enthusiasm for change and fear of losing place identity. Additionally, willingness to participate appeared to be shaped by trust and sense of agency. Stakeholder perspectives emphasized concerns about the protection of personal interests and place identity, and also shed light on power dynamics, a predominantly top-down governance model, along with a defensive attitude attributed to the administration. Overall, findings align with existing evidence and offer additional interpretative insights. The initial hypothesis of a predominantly symbolic perception of participation was confirmed, resulting associated with delegation when institutional trust prevailed, and self-exclusion when suspicion dominated. More authentic deliberative intentions were detected when trust and critical awareness were balanced. Key limitations include the challenge of representing all parts of the community and the absence of the administration’s direct perspective. Depending on the purposes originally attributed to participation by the local government (Bobbio, 2019), two future design options are proposed, both aimed at enhancing quality of life and community well-being through transparent actions, able to build trust.
Il comportamento umano è strettamente influenzato dal contesto in cui si svolge (Costa, 2013). La rigenerazione urbana consiste in un insieme di interventi volti a migliorare la qualità della vita attraverso la trasformazione dell’ambiente costruito (Roberts et al., 2017). Tuttavia, approcci alla rigenerazione guidati prevalentemente da motivazioni politiche ed economiche hanno generato conseguenze drammatiche a livello societario e di giustizia ambientale. Ciò ha favorito l’affermarsi di modelli di rigenerazione guidata dai cittadini, basati sulla partecipazione attiva della comunità. La letteratura ha, però, messo in luce un uso frequentemente retorico della partecipazione, con esperienze di coinvolgimento più simboliche che orientate a una reale redistribuzione del potere decisionale (Moulaert & Vicari Haddock, 2009). In linea con i contributi provenienti dalla psicologia ambientale e dalle ricerche sulla rigenerazione urbana, questa tesi analizza i processi partecipativi attivati in un comune del nord Italia nella fase di pianificazione degli interventi di rigenerazione. Al fine di esplorare la qualità delle pratiche promosse e le posizioni assunte dagli attori coinvolti, sono state condotte interviste semi-strutturate a cittadini (n=17) e stakeholder (n=9). L’analisi tematica riflessiva ha evidenziato, tra i cittadini, aspetti relativi all’attaccamento al territorio, la presenza di fratture interne alla comunità, la tensione tra l'entusiasmo per il cambiamento e il timore della perdita dell’identità locale, nonché una volontà di coinvolgimento variabile in funzione della fiducia nell’istituzione comunale e del senso di agency. Dalle interviste agli stakeholder, è stato possibile ricavare una prima lettura delle dinamiche di potere e la percezione di una governance prevalentemente top-down, unita a un atteggiamento dell’amministrazione interpretato come difensivo; inoltre, sono emerse la difesa degli interessi personali e la salvaguardia dell’identità territoriale. I risultati appaiono coerenti con la letteratura esistente e introducono ulteriori prospettive interpretative. Ha trovato conferma l’ipotesi iniziale, relativa alla percezione della partecipazione come prevalentemente simbolica, risultata inoltre associata a delega, nei casi di fiducia verso le istituzioni, e ad autoesclusione, nei casi di sospettosità. Intenzionalità deliberative più autentiche sono state rilevate quando fiducia e senso critico apparivano tra loro bilanciati. Tra i limiti principali si evidenziano la difficoltà a rappresentare tutte le parti della comunità e l’assenza della prospettiva diretta dell’amministrazione. Sono state quindi proposte due possibili alternative progettuali future, dipendenti dagli scopi originariamente attribuiti alla partecipazione (Bobbio, 2019), orientate al miglioramento della qualità di vita e del benessere della comunità, attraverso azioni fondate sulla trasparenza e capaci di costruire fiducia.
Rigenerazione urbana e progetti di comunità: uno studio di caso
BASSO, PAMELA
2024/2025
Abstract
Human behaviour is strongly influenced by the environment in which it occurs (Costa, 2013). Urban regeneration consists of a series of interventions designed to improve quality of life by transforming the built environment (Roberts et al., 2017). However, regeneration strategies mainly driven by political and economic intentions have had negative outcomes for society and environmental justice. This has promoted a shift towards citizen-led regeneration models that prioritise the direct involvement of local communities. Yet, research highlights the widespread rhetorical use of participation, often resulting in tokenism (Arnstein, 1969) rather than effective power-sharing practices (Moulaert & Vicari Haddock, 2009). Drawing on environmental psychology and urban regeneration scholarship, this thesis analyses the participatory processes activated in a northern Italian municipality, during the planning phase of interventions. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with citizens (n =17) and stakeholders (n=9) to explore the quality of the participatory practices and the positioning assumed by the actors involved. Reflexive thematic analysis highlighted, among citizens, strong place attachment, internal community divisions, and tension between enthusiasm for change and fear of losing place identity. Additionally, willingness to participate appeared to be shaped by trust and sense of agency. Stakeholder perspectives emphasized concerns about the protection of personal interests and place identity, and also shed light on power dynamics, a predominantly top-down governance model, along with a defensive attitude attributed to the administration. Overall, findings align with existing evidence and offer additional interpretative insights. The initial hypothesis of a predominantly symbolic perception of participation was confirmed, resulting associated with delegation when institutional trust prevailed, and self-exclusion when suspicion dominated. More authentic deliberative intentions were detected when trust and critical awareness were balanced. Key limitations include the challenge of representing all parts of the community and the absence of the administration’s direct perspective. Depending on the purposes originally attributed to participation by the local government (Bobbio, 2019), two future design options are proposed, both aimed at enhancing quality of life and community well-being through transparent actions, able to build trust.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/100076