Huntington's Disease is an inherited, autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder. It is caused by the abnormal expansion of the CAG repeat in the HTT gene. Characterized by a triad of motor, cognitive, and psychiatric symptoms, Huntington's Disease presents significant challenges in patient management. Among the non-motor symptoms - which can emerge years before the motor onset and whose causal link with the pathology is often difficult to discern - psychiatric disorders are particularly relevant. These include depression, anxiety, irritability, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms, which often have a strong impact on patient's autonomy and social life. In the clinical context of Huntington's Disease, suicide risk emerges as a critical issue: the pathology is indeed associated with an increased risk of suicide, which is reported to be the second leading cause of death in this population, after aspiration pneumonia. This thesis aims to analyze the complex relationship between Huntington's Disease and suicide risk, moving beyond an exclusive focus on the characteristic motor symptoms. It examines specific risk factors, with particular attention to mood disorders and the role of awareness of the diagnosis and prognosis. Furthermore, it explores strategies for risk assessment, prevention, and treatment, finally emphasizing the active involvement of caregivers as a fundamental element of support.
La Malattia di Huntington è una patologia neurodegenerativa ereditaria, a trasmissione autosomica dominante. È causata dall’espansione anomala della ripetizione CAG nel gene HTT. Caratterizzata da una triade di sintomi motori, cognitivi e psichiatrici, la Malattia di Huntington presenta importanti sfide nella gestione del paziente. Tra i sintomi non motori – che possono insorgere anni prima dell’esordio motorio e il cui nesso causale con la patologia è spesso difficile da discernere – i disturbi della sfera psichica sono particolarmente rilevanti. Tra questi, la depressione, ansia, irritabilità e sintomi ossessivi e compulsivi, i quali hanno spesso un forte impatto sulle autonomie del paziente e sulla sua vita sociale. Nel contesto clinico della malattia di Huntington, il rischio suicidario emerge come una problematica critica: la patologia è infatti associata a un aumentato rischio di suicidio, che risulta essere la seconda causa di morte in questa popolazione, dopo la polmonite ab ingestis. La presente tesi si propone di analizzare la complessa relazione tra la Malattia di Huntington e il rischio suicidario, superando la focalizzazione esclusiva sui sintomi motori caratteristici. Vengono quindi esaminati fattori di rischio specifici, con particolare attenzione ai disturbi dell’umore e al ruolo della consapevolezza della diagnosi e della prognosi. Vengono poi esplorate le strategie di valutazione, prevenzione e trattamento del rischio, sottolineando infine il coinvolgimento attivo dei caregiver come elemento fondamentale nel supporto.
Oltre la corea, il burden psicologico della Malattia di Huntington: la gestione del rischio suicidario
BONENTE, GIADA
2024/2025
Abstract
Huntington's Disease is an inherited, autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder. It is caused by the abnormal expansion of the CAG repeat in the HTT gene. Characterized by a triad of motor, cognitive, and psychiatric symptoms, Huntington's Disease presents significant challenges in patient management. Among the non-motor symptoms - which can emerge years before the motor onset and whose causal link with the pathology is often difficult to discern - psychiatric disorders are particularly relevant. These include depression, anxiety, irritability, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms, which often have a strong impact on patient's autonomy and social life. In the clinical context of Huntington's Disease, suicide risk emerges as a critical issue: the pathology is indeed associated with an increased risk of suicide, which is reported to be the second leading cause of death in this population, after aspiration pneumonia. This thesis aims to analyze the complex relationship between Huntington's Disease and suicide risk, moving beyond an exclusive focus on the characteristic motor symptoms. It examines specific risk factors, with particular attention to mood disorders and the role of awareness of the diagnosis and prognosis. Furthermore, it explores strategies for risk assessment, prevention, and treatment, finally emphasizing the active involvement of caregivers as a fundamental element of support.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/100091