Just over a century has passed since that 19 June 1918, when Major Francesco Baracca fell on Montello. His myth and his Cavallino Rampante today appear as the guardians of a complex story, of propaganda and private tragedy. He was the Ace of Aces, the knight of the sky, feared and respected even by the enemy. His myth, born in an era of nationalism, managed to evolve and integrate into a broader context than what was recounted during the two decades of Fascist rule, when his image was distorted and exploited by propaganda for political and self-congratulatory purposes. In the post-World War II period, the previous militaristic rhetoric was abandoned and his myth underwent a radical transformation: his figure was reinterpreted in a more sober light, celebrating the pilot as an innovative pioneer of the air and a man of honor with a chivalrous code. His memory survived and was also transformed thanks to the Cavallino Rampante that, gifted by his father Enrico Baracca to Enzo Ferrari, became the emblem of the famous Maranello car manufacturer, a symbol of Italian excellence. Italy today does not merely celebrate a war hero, but a figure whose legacy lives on and embodies timeless values such as courage, elegance, and humanity.
È passato poco più di un secolo da quel 19 giugno 1918, quando il Maggiore Francesco Baracca cadde sul Montello. Il suo mito e il suo cavallino rampante appaiono oggi i custodi di una storia complessa, di propaganda e di una tragedia privata. Era l’Asso degli assi, il cavaliere del cielo temuto e stimato persino dal nemico. Il suo mito, nato in un'epoca di nazionalismi, si seppe evolvere ed inserire in un contesto più ampio di quanto venne raccontato durante il ventennio fascista, quando la sua immagine fu distorta e strumentalizzata dalla propaganda per finalità politiche ed autocelebrative. Nel secondo dopoguerra venne abbandonata la precedente retorica militarista e il suo mito subì una radicale trasformazione: la sua figura fu riletta in chiave più sobria, esaltando il pilota come innovativo pioniere dell’aria e uomo d'onore dal codice cavalleresco. La sua memoria sopravvisse e venne trasformata anche grazie al Cavallino rampante che, donato dal padre Enrico Baracca ad Enzo Ferrari, divenne l’emblema della celebre casa automobilistica di Maranello, simbolo di eccellenza italiana. l'Italia oggi non celebra soltanto un eroe di guerra, ma una figura la cui eredità vive e incarna valori senza tempo come il coraggio, l’eleganza e l’umanità.
Francesco Baracca: tra mito e propaganda
BORIN, ROBERTO
2024/2025
Abstract
Just over a century has passed since that 19 June 1918, when Major Francesco Baracca fell on Montello. His myth and his Cavallino Rampante today appear as the guardians of a complex story, of propaganda and private tragedy. He was the Ace of Aces, the knight of the sky, feared and respected even by the enemy. His myth, born in an era of nationalism, managed to evolve and integrate into a broader context than what was recounted during the two decades of Fascist rule, when his image was distorted and exploited by propaganda for political and self-congratulatory purposes. In the post-World War II period, the previous militaristic rhetoric was abandoned and his myth underwent a radical transformation: his figure was reinterpreted in a more sober light, celebrating the pilot as an innovative pioneer of the air and a man of honor with a chivalrous code. His memory survived and was also transformed thanks to the Cavallino Rampante that, gifted by his father Enrico Baracca to Enzo Ferrari, became the emblem of the famous Maranello car manufacturer, a symbol of Italian excellence. Italy today does not merely celebrate a war hero, but a figure whose legacy lives on and embodies timeless values such as courage, elegance, and humanity.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/100912