The extensive road networks of the Roman Empire were fundamental to its military, economic, and cultural integration, leaving long-lasting marks on the landscapes they traversed. The author investigates the route of the Roman road connecting the legionary base at Lambaesis and the colonia (settlement) and baths of Mascula (modern Khenchela) in northern Algeria. This infrastructure corridor has been rendered largely invisible in the modern landscape, due to continuous settlement over the centuries and reuse of built heritage. Utilizing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing techniques, this study integrates declassified aerial photography, satellite imagery, historic cartography, archaeological databases, and thermal bath locations to reconstruct potential pathways of the ancient road. Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) and terrain analysis are used to generate cost-surface models and least-cost path (LCP) reconstructions, producing linear feature maps that highlight areas of high archaeological potential. Areas of high potential are determined based on the traces of linear features, areas where roman milestones were discovered and hydrological points such as extinct and extant roman thermal baths. These reconstructions not only contribute to the localization of the road itself but also provide insight into Roman strategies of movement, landscape exploitation, and connections between key urban and military centers in that Numidian sector of North Africa. More broadly, this research demonstrates how remote methodologies can overcome data limitations and restricted site access, offering a replicable framework for mapping lost infrastructures in regions where field investigation is constrained and archaeological remains are limited, due to continuous transformations and use of the landscape.
Le vaste reti stradali dell’Impero Romano furono fondamentali per la sua integrazione militare, economica e culturale, lasciando tracce durature nei paesaggi attraversati. L’autore indaga il percorso della strada romana che collegava la base legionaria di Lambaesis con la colonia (insediamento) e le terme di Mascula (l’odierna Khenchela) nell’Algeria settentrionale. Questo corridoio infrastrutturale è diventato in gran parte invisibile nel paesaggio moderno, a causa della continua occupazione del territorio nei secoli e del riutilizzo del patrimonio costruito. Attraverso l’impiego di Sistemi Informativi Geografici (GIS) e tecniche di telerilevamento, questo studio integra fotografie aeree declassificate, immagini satellitari, cartografia storica, banche dati archeologiche e la localizzazione delle terme romane per ricostruire i possibili tracciati dell’antica strada. Modelli digitali di elevazione (DEM) e analisi del terreno sono utilizzati per generare modelli di cost-surface e ricostruzioni tramite least-cost path (LCP), producendo mappe di elementi lineari che evidenziano aree ad alto potenziale archeologico. Aree di alta potenzialità sono individuate sulla base delle tracce lineari, dei punti in cui sono stati rinvenuti miliari e di elementi idrologici quali antiche e attuali sorgenti termali romane. Queste ricostruzioni non solo contribuiscono alla localizzazione della strada stessa, ma offrono anche nuove prospettive sulle strategie romane di mobilità, sullo sfruttamento del paesaggio e sulle connessioni tra i principali centri urbani e militari di quel settore numidico dell’Africa settentrionale. Più in generale, questa ricerca dimostra come metodologie basate sul telerilevamento possano superare limiti documentari e restrizioni di accesso ai siti, offrendo un modello replicabile per mappare infrastrutture scomparse in regioni dove l’indagine sul campo è limitata e le tracce archeologiche risultano scarse a causa delle continue trasformazioni e dell’uso prolungato del territorio.
Mapping a Lost Road in Roman Numidia: Remote Sensing and GIS Between Lambaesis and Mascula Mappare una strada perduta nella Numidia romana: telerilevamento e GIS tra Lambaesis e Mascula
JACKSON, AVERY MACGRATH
2024/2025
Abstract
The extensive road networks of the Roman Empire were fundamental to its military, economic, and cultural integration, leaving long-lasting marks on the landscapes they traversed. The author investigates the route of the Roman road connecting the legionary base at Lambaesis and the colonia (settlement) and baths of Mascula (modern Khenchela) in northern Algeria. This infrastructure corridor has been rendered largely invisible in the modern landscape, due to continuous settlement over the centuries and reuse of built heritage. Utilizing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing techniques, this study integrates declassified aerial photography, satellite imagery, historic cartography, archaeological databases, and thermal bath locations to reconstruct potential pathways of the ancient road. Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) and terrain analysis are used to generate cost-surface models and least-cost path (LCP) reconstructions, producing linear feature maps that highlight areas of high archaeological potential. Areas of high potential are determined based on the traces of linear features, areas where roman milestones were discovered and hydrological points such as extinct and extant roman thermal baths. These reconstructions not only contribute to the localization of the road itself but also provide insight into Roman strategies of movement, landscape exploitation, and connections between key urban and military centers in that Numidian sector of North Africa. More broadly, this research demonstrates how remote methodologies can overcome data limitations and restricted site access, offering a replicable framework for mapping lost infrastructures in regions where field investigation is constrained and archaeological remains are limited, due to continuous transformations and use of the landscape.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/101287