Forests are ecosystems that provide multiple benefits to humanity, including water cycle regulation, biodiversity preservation, the supply of food, medicines and raw materials, CO2 sequestration and storage from the atmosphere, soil stabilization, and the purification of air and water. Old-growth forests play a crucial role to providing these benefits, which makes their preservation highly important. In 2023, the Italian Ministry of Agriculture, Food Sovereignty and Forests (MASAF) established the National Network of “Old-Growth Forests”. A forest can reach an old-growth state when the frequency of high-intensity disturbances is very low, allowing plant communities to evolve toward highly complex structures. In these conditions forest should be able to make the best use of all available resources and have a structure that is consistent to the Energy Equivalence Principle (EEP). The aim of this study is to assess the degree of disturbance in the “Bosco Testimone” at Clöise, Asiago (VI), which has been designated as an integral forest reserve since 1996. For this purpose, the H model, an allometric model developed by the University of Padua, was applied. This model is capable of predict the diameter distribution that maximizes resource use of a forest stand, that is the condition whom ensure the energy equivalence among the different diametric bins. By comparing the observed diameter distribution with the one predicted by the model, it is possible to estimate the degree of disturbance of the stand and, consequently also quantify its degree of old-growth. The application of the H model to the Bosco Testimone shown an exponent of –2.06 for the diameter distribution curve corresponding to the energy equivalence condition (EE), while the exponent of the observed distribution, obtained by fitting the field data, was -1,1 (CIs 95% -0.84, -1.29), with a ratio between the exponent of 0.53, highlighting how the forest community is still strongly affected by past disturbances. The H model has proven to be a general and easy-to-apply analytical tool for determining the degree of disturbance in forest communities.
Le foreste sono ecosistemi in grado di fornire diversi contributi all’umanità come la regolazione del ciclo dell’acqua, la conservazione della biodiversità, l’approvvigionamento di alimenti, medicinali e materie prime, l’assorbimento e lo stoccaggio della CO2 presente in atmosfera, la stabilizzazione del suolo e la depurazione di aria e acque. Le foreste vetuste svolgono un ruolo rilevante nel fornire tali contributi, motivo per cui sono molto importanti da preservare. Nel 2023 è stata istituita dal Ministero dell’Agricoltura, della Sovranità Alimentare e delle Foreste (MASAF) la Rete Nazionale dei “boschi vetusti”. Lo stato di “vetustà” è possibile da raggiungere quando la frequenza di disturbi di elevata intensità è molto bassa, permettendo alle comunità vegetali di evolvere verso strutture altamente complesse. In questo stato le foreste dovrebbero essere in grado di utilizzare al meglio tutte le risorse disponibili ed avere una struttura in linea con il principio di Equivalenza Energetica (EE). L’obiettivo di questo lavoro è quello di individuare il grado di disturbo del “Bosco testimone” di Clӧise, Asiago (VI), il quale è stato istituito come riserva forestale integrale dal 1996. A tale scopo è stato applicato il modello H, un modello allometrico sviluppato dall’Università di Padova, in grado di predire la distribuzione diametrica che massimizza l’uso delle risorse di un popolamento forestale, ossia la condizione che garantisce l’equivalenza energetica tra le diverse classi dimensionali. Il confronto tra la distribuzione diametrica reale con quella predetta dal modello consente di stimare il grado di disturbo del popolamento, e quindi anche il grado di vetustà. L'applicazione del modello H al Bosco Testimone ha restituito un esponente pari a -2,06 per la curva di distribuzione diametrica corrispondente alla condizione di equivalenza energetica (EE), mentre l’esponente della distribuzione reale, ottenuto tramite il fitting dei dati rilevati in foresta, risulta pari a -1,1 (CIs 95% -0.84, -1.29), con un rapporto tra gli esponenti di 0.53, evidenziando come la comunità forestale risenta ancora molto dei disturbi di varia natura avvenuti in passato. Il modello H si è dimostrato uno strumento analitico generale e di facile applicazione per la determinazione del grado di disturbo delle comunità forestali.
Analisi strutturale del “Bosco Testimone” di Clӧise (Asiago, VI): un modello allometrico per la stima del grado di disturbo
BELLUSSI, MARTINA
2024/2025
Abstract
Forests are ecosystems that provide multiple benefits to humanity, including water cycle regulation, biodiversity preservation, the supply of food, medicines and raw materials, CO2 sequestration and storage from the atmosphere, soil stabilization, and the purification of air and water. Old-growth forests play a crucial role to providing these benefits, which makes their preservation highly important. In 2023, the Italian Ministry of Agriculture, Food Sovereignty and Forests (MASAF) established the National Network of “Old-Growth Forests”. A forest can reach an old-growth state when the frequency of high-intensity disturbances is very low, allowing plant communities to evolve toward highly complex structures. In these conditions forest should be able to make the best use of all available resources and have a structure that is consistent to the Energy Equivalence Principle (EEP). The aim of this study is to assess the degree of disturbance in the “Bosco Testimone” at Clöise, Asiago (VI), which has been designated as an integral forest reserve since 1996. For this purpose, the H model, an allometric model developed by the University of Padua, was applied. This model is capable of predict the diameter distribution that maximizes resource use of a forest stand, that is the condition whom ensure the energy equivalence among the different diametric bins. By comparing the observed diameter distribution with the one predicted by the model, it is possible to estimate the degree of disturbance of the stand and, consequently also quantify its degree of old-growth. The application of the H model to the Bosco Testimone shown an exponent of –2.06 for the diameter distribution curve corresponding to the energy equivalence condition (EE), while the exponent of the observed distribution, obtained by fitting the field data, was -1,1 (CIs 95% -0.84, -1.29), with a ratio between the exponent of 0.53, highlighting how the forest community is still strongly affected by past disturbances. The H model has proven to be a general and easy-to-apply analytical tool for determining the degree of disturbance in forest communities.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/101441