The harbour defence structures are designed to protect an anchorage and/or a port basin from wave action, minimizing the wave penetration by creating a calm sea within the area and allowing vessels to easily and safely access and exit from the protected area and from the public areas along the shore, as well as conduct port activities within it, all of this in an easy and safe way . This is the purpose of the breakwaters designed and built in the location of Al-Daffah, Al-Ruwais, and Swayeh in the Sultanate of Oman, to provide suitable fishing port facilities for the related activities. The Maritime Construction Laboratory at the University of Padua, part of the Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering (DICEA), has conducted an experimental investigation into the behavior of the aforementioned defense structures. Specifically, the analysis focuses on the single port of Al Daffah, assuming that the three sections for the breakwater's outermost section, selected to had identical seabed depths, faithfully correspond to the three sections of the reference ports, as they were designed identically in terms of concept and construction. A series of wave channel tests are therefore conducted to validate their stability and proper functioning under the action of waves from the Arabian Sea in terms of transmission, reflection, and overflow. This involves creating a two-dimensional physical model of the trunk section of each main breakwater, a total of three, in the laboratory, at an appropriate scale and capable of faithfully representing reality. The resulting data will then be analyzed and the results from the experimental investigation will be processed and compared. The study conducted had positive results. At the end, all three structures demonstrated good resistance to the stress of incident waves and guaranteed a calm and protected sea within the port area, which means on the entire defense structure as a proper functioning. As regards overtopping, it is observed that the cyclonic wave acting with a tide level equal to MSL+0.8m with respect to the Chart Datum, reaches considerable values, which can put at risk the functional or structural safety in case of certain conditions according to the CEM directives. The CORE-LOC$^{TM}$'s armour layer and the underlying natural rock layers underwent a slight modification on the port side, in the connection between the two where the size change occurs; this change in cross-section was made to ensure a better arrangement of the most exposed layers, which then translates into greater safety regarding the stability of the articial boulder above. It was suggested by the Maritime Construction Laboratory of the University of Padua based on experience gained in other case studies in the Arabian Peninsula.
Le opere esterne di difesa dei porti hanno lo scopo di proteggere un ancoraggio e/o un bacino portuale dall'agitazione ondosa riducendone al minimo la penetrazione creando uno stato di mare calmo al suo interno e consentendo ai natanti di accedere e uscire dall'area protetta e dalle zone pubbliche a riva, nonché di svolgere attività portuali al suo interno, in modo agevole ed in sicurezza. Questa è la finalità dei frangiflutti progettati e realizzati nelle località di Al-Daffah, Al-Ruwais e Swayeh nel Sultanato dell'Oman, al fine di ottenere delle strutture portuali pescherecce atte allo svolgimento e alla protezione delle attività inerenti. Il Laboratorio di Costruzioni Marittime dell'Università di Padova, appartenente al Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Edile e Ambientale (DICEA), ha eseguito un'indagine sperimentale sul comportamento delle sopracitate strutture di difesa. Nello specifico, l’analisi si concentra sul singolo porto di Al Daffah, assumendo che le tre sezioni per il tratto in sopraflutto del relativo frangiflutti, selezionate in modo da presentare fondali con batimetrie identiche, corrispondano fedelmente alle tre sezioni dei porti di riferimento in quanto realizzati concettualemente e costruttivamente in modo identico. Si va, duanque, ad effettuare una serie di test in canale d'onda, al fine di approvarne la stabilità ed il corretto funzionamento sotto l'azione delle onde provenienti dal Mare Arabico in termini di trasmissione, riflessione e tracimazione. Si tratta, perciò, di realizzare in laboratorio un modello fisico bidimensionale per la sezione di corrente della parte in sopraflutto di ogni diga, per un totale di tre, in scala appropriata e capace di rappresentare fedelmente la realtà; successivamente, analizzare i dati ricavati attraverso software e procedure comprovate per poi elaborare e comparare tra loro i risultati ottenuti dalle analisi sperimentali effettuate. Lo studio condotto ha avuto un riscontro positivo. In definitiva, tutte e tre le sezioni studio hanno dimostrato di resistere bene all'azione di sollecitazione delle onde incidenti e di garantire uno stato di mare calmo e protetto all'interno dell'area portuale, il che si traduce sull'intera struttura di difesa come un corretto funzionamento. Per quanto riguarda l’overtopping, si osserva che l’onda ciclonica agente con un livello di marea pari al MSL+0.8m rispetto al Chart Datum, raggiunge valori considerevoli, che può mettere a rischio la sicurezza funzionale o strutturale in caso in caso di certe condizioni secondo le direttive del CEM. La mantellata realizzata in massi CORE-LOC$^{TM}$ e gli strati sottostanti in roccia naturale hanno subito una modifica lato porto, nella parte di collegamento tra le due, dove avviene il cambio di pezzatura; tale variazione di sezione è stata apportata per garantire una migliore disposizione degli strati più esposti il che si traduce poi in una maggiore sicurezza sulla stabilità dei massi artificiali soprastanti. Essa è stata suggerita dal Laboratorio di Costruzioni Marittime dell'Università di Padova sulla base delle esperienze maturate in altri casi studio sempre nel territorio della Penisola araba.
Studio sperimentale comparativo 2D della stabilità e riflessione dei frangiflutti di tre porti pescherecci in Oman soggetti a notevole tracimazione
BATTISTELLA, MICHAEL
2024/2025
Abstract
The harbour defence structures are designed to protect an anchorage and/or a port basin from wave action, minimizing the wave penetration by creating a calm sea within the area and allowing vessels to easily and safely access and exit from the protected area and from the public areas along the shore, as well as conduct port activities within it, all of this in an easy and safe way . This is the purpose of the breakwaters designed and built in the location of Al-Daffah, Al-Ruwais, and Swayeh in the Sultanate of Oman, to provide suitable fishing port facilities for the related activities. The Maritime Construction Laboratory at the University of Padua, part of the Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering (DICEA), has conducted an experimental investigation into the behavior of the aforementioned defense structures. Specifically, the analysis focuses on the single port of Al Daffah, assuming that the three sections for the breakwater's outermost section, selected to had identical seabed depths, faithfully correspond to the three sections of the reference ports, as they were designed identically in terms of concept and construction. A series of wave channel tests are therefore conducted to validate their stability and proper functioning under the action of waves from the Arabian Sea in terms of transmission, reflection, and overflow. This involves creating a two-dimensional physical model of the trunk section of each main breakwater, a total of three, in the laboratory, at an appropriate scale and capable of faithfully representing reality. The resulting data will then be analyzed and the results from the experimental investigation will be processed and compared. The study conducted had positive results. At the end, all three structures demonstrated good resistance to the stress of incident waves and guaranteed a calm and protected sea within the port area, which means on the entire defense structure as a proper functioning. As regards overtopping, it is observed that the cyclonic wave acting with a tide level equal to MSL+0.8m with respect to the Chart Datum, reaches considerable values, which can put at risk the functional or structural safety in case of certain conditions according to the CEM directives. The CORE-LOC$^{TM}$'s armour layer and the underlying natural rock layers underwent a slight modification on the port side, in the connection between the two where the size change occurs; this change in cross-section was made to ensure a better arrangement of the most exposed layers, which then translates into greater safety regarding the stability of the articial boulder above. It was suggested by the Maritime Construction Laboratory of the University of Padua based on experience gained in other case studies in the Arabian Peninsula.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/102257