Background: The high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is a promising respiratory support modality that improves oxygenation, alveolar recruitment, and comfort while reducing dead space compared to conventional oxygen therapy. Recently, a novel asymmetrical HFNC interface (Optiflow® Duet system; Fisher & Paykel Healthcare, New Zealand) has been introduced, but its physiological effects are not clear. This study aimed to investigate whether different configurations of the asymmetrical HFNC interface—specifically, fully versus partially occlusive nasal prong—affect patient comfort, dyspnea, lung aeration, ventilatory efficiency, gas exchange, and hemodynamic parameters. Methods: This was a randomized crossover physiological pilot study including 40 adults admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of Padua University Hospital. Each patient received oxygen therapy with fully and partially occlusive nasal configurations in randomized order (60 minutes each, with a 10-minute washout between phases). Primary outcomes included comfort (Numeric Rating Scale, NRS) and dyspnea (Borg scale); secondary outcomes were lung aeration (assessed by electrical impedance tomography [EIT]), ventilatory efficiency (measured by corrected minute ventilation [MV] and ventilatory ratio), gas exchange, and hemodynamic variables. Comparisons between the two configurations were conducted both in the overall population and in predefined subgroups, according to baseline respiratory rates (< or ≥ 24 breaths per minute). Results: No significant differences were observed between fully and partially occlusive nostril setups in terms of comfort, dyspnea, EIT-derived measurements, gas exchange, or hemodynamic parameters, both in the overall population and in the subgroups. However, in patients with a baseline respiratory rate < 24 breaths/min, the fully occlusive nasal prong setup was associated with a modest increase in corrected minute ventilation (13 [10–16] vs. 11 [8–12], p = 0.02) and the ventilatory ratio (0.0023 [0.0017–0.0027] vs. 0.0018 [0.0015–0.0020], p = 0.04). Conclusions: The degree of nasal occlusion in asymmetrical HFNCs did not significantly influence comfort, dyspnea, lung aeration, gas exchange, or hemodynamic parameters. A slight increase in ventilatory load was observed with the fully occlusive configuration in ICU patients with lower baseline respiratory rates, although the clinical relevance of this finding remains uncertain.
Presupposti dello studio: Le cannule nasali ad alto flusso (HFNC) sono una promettente modalità di supporto respiratorio che migliorano l’ossigenazione, il reclutamento alveolare ed il comfort, riducendo lo spazio morto rispetto all’ossigenoterapia convenzionale. Recentemente è stata introdotta una nuova interfaccia HFNC asimmetrica (Optiflow® Duet system; Fisher & Paykel Healthcare, New Zeland), tuttavia i suoi effetti fisiologici non sono ancora chiari. Lo scopo di questo studio è indagare se differenti configurazioni dell’interfaccia asimmetrica HFNC - specificatamente, cannule nasali parzialmente e totalmente occludenti - influenzino il comfort del paziente, la dispnea, l’aereazione del polmone, l’efficienza ventilatoria, gli scambi gassosi ed i parametri emodinamici. Metodi: Tale studio è uno studio pilota fisiologico randomizzato crossover, include 40 pazienti adulti ricoverati presso l’unità di Terapia Intensiva dell’Ospedale Universitario di Padova. Ogni paziente riceveva ossigenoterapia con cannule nasali parzialmente e totalmente occludenti in ordine randomizzato (60 minuti ciascuno, con 10 minuti di washout tra le due fasi). Gli outcome primari includevano il comfort (Numerical Rating Scale, NRS) e la dispnea (scala di Borg); gli outcome secondari erano l’areazione polmonare (misurata tramite tomografia ad impedenza elettrica EIT), efficienza ventilatoria (misurata tramite la ventilazione minuto corretta [MV] ed il ventilatory ratio), gli scambi gassosi e le variabili emodinamiche. Paragoni tra le due configurazioni sono stati condotti in tutta la popolazione dello studio ed in predefiniti sottogruppi, in accordo con la frequenza respiratoria basale (< o ≥ 24 atti respiratori per minuto). Risultati: Non sono state osservate differenze significative tra la configurazione totalmente e parzialmente occludente in termini di comfort, dispnea, misure ottenute da EIT, scambi gassosi, parametri emodinamici, sia nella popolazione generale dello studio che nei sottogruppi. Tuttavia, nei pazienti con una frequenza respiratoria basale < 24 atti/minuto, la configurazione totalmente occludente delle cannule nasali era associata ad un modesto aumento della ventilazione minuto corretta (13 [10–16] vs. 11 [8–12], p = 0.02) e del ventilatory ratio (0.0023 [0.0017–0.0027] vs. 0.0018 [0.0015–0.0020], p = 0.04). Conclusioni: Il grado di occlusione nasale dell’interfaccia HFNC asimmetrica non influenza significativamente il comfort, la dispnea, l’aereazione polmonare, gli scambi gassosi ed i parametri emodinamici. Un leggero aumento del lavoro respiratorio era osservato con la configurazione totalmente occludente, nei pazienti con frequenza respiratoria basale più bassa, sebbene la rilevanza clinica di questo dato rimane incerta.
Il comfort nell'ossigenoterapia ad alto flusso, confronto tra cannule nasali asimmetriche totalmente occludenti e parzialmente occludenti: risultati dal trial COMFOXY-1
TONIOLO, MARTA
2023/2024
Abstract
Background: The high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is a promising respiratory support modality that improves oxygenation, alveolar recruitment, and comfort while reducing dead space compared to conventional oxygen therapy. Recently, a novel asymmetrical HFNC interface (Optiflow® Duet system; Fisher & Paykel Healthcare, New Zealand) has been introduced, but its physiological effects are not clear. This study aimed to investigate whether different configurations of the asymmetrical HFNC interface—specifically, fully versus partially occlusive nasal prong—affect patient comfort, dyspnea, lung aeration, ventilatory efficiency, gas exchange, and hemodynamic parameters. Methods: This was a randomized crossover physiological pilot study including 40 adults admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of Padua University Hospital. Each patient received oxygen therapy with fully and partially occlusive nasal configurations in randomized order (60 minutes each, with a 10-minute washout between phases). Primary outcomes included comfort (Numeric Rating Scale, NRS) and dyspnea (Borg scale); secondary outcomes were lung aeration (assessed by electrical impedance tomography [EIT]), ventilatory efficiency (measured by corrected minute ventilation [MV] and ventilatory ratio), gas exchange, and hemodynamic variables. Comparisons between the two configurations were conducted both in the overall population and in predefined subgroups, according to baseline respiratory rates (< or ≥ 24 breaths per minute). Results: No significant differences were observed between fully and partially occlusive nostril setups in terms of comfort, dyspnea, EIT-derived measurements, gas exchange, or hemodynamic parameters, both in the overall population and in the subgroups. However, in patients with a baseline respiratory rate < 24 breaths/min, the fully occlusive nasal prong setup was associated with a modest increase in corrected minute ventilation (13 [10–16] vs. 11 [8–12], p = 0.02) and the ventilatory ratio (0.0023 [0.0017–0.0027] vs. 0.0018 [0.0015–0.0020], p = 0.04). Conclusions: The degree of nasal occlusion in asymmetrical HFNCs did not significantly influence comfort, dyspnea, lung aeration, gas exchange, or hemodynamic parameters. A slight increase in ventilatory load was observed with the fully occlusive configuration in ICU patients with lower baseline respiratory rates, although the clinical relevance of this finding remains uncertain.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/103399