BACKGROUND Syncope is a frequent cause of Emergency Department (ED) admission and requires early identification of potentially life-threatening conditions and appropriate risk stratification. Despite the availability of prognostic scores, including the Canadian Syncope Risk Score (CSRS), patient management, particularly for those at intermediate risk, remains heterogeneous. At the Hospital -University of Padova Emergency Department an advanced triage model has been implemented for early risk assessment, whose clinical effectiveness requires validation. STUDY OBJECTIVE The primary objective of this study was to validate the advanced triage model used at the Emergency Department of Padova, evaluating the association between advanced triage positivity and patient outcomes in terms of hospital admission and adverse events. Secondary objectives included the description of clinical and demographic characteristics of the study population, analysis of intra-hospital management with particular attention to variability in electrocardiographic monitoring duration, and the incidence of adverse events at 30 days. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective, single-center observational study included 308 adult patients presenting to the Padova Emergency Department for syncope between March and December 2025. Clinical, laboratory, electrocardiographic, and management data were collected, with 30-day follow-up to identify adverse events. The association between advanced triage positivity, ED outcome, and short-term adverse events was evaluated. RESULTS A total of 27 adverse events at 30 days were recorded in the study population (8,8%). Advanced age, cardiovascular comorbidities, electrocardiographic abnormalities, anemia, elevated troponin levels, and higher CSRS scores were associated with an increased risk of events. The CSRS demonstrated high discriminative performance (AUC 0.859). The duration of electrocardiographic monitoring in the ED was not associated with event occurrence, whereas advanced triage showed moderate predictive performance, proving more useful in excluding rather than confirming risk. CONCLUSIONS Management of syncope in the ED benefits from an integrated approach combining clinical judgment and structured risk stratification tools. The CSRS remains useful for safely identifying patients suitable for discharge, while the advanced triage protocol requires further optimization to improve accuracy and organizational impact.
BACKGROUND La sincope è una causa frequente di accesso in Pronto Soccorso (PS) e richiede l’identificazione precoce delle condizioni potenzialmente letali ad essa correlate e una corretta stratificazione del rischio. Nonostante la disponibilità di score prognostici, tra cui il Canadian Syncope Risk Score (CSRS), la gestione dei pazienti, in particolare quelli a rischio intermedio, rimane eterogenea. Presso il Pronto Soccorso dell’Azienda Ospedale–Università di Padova è stato implementato un protocollo di triage avanzato per una valutazione precoce del rischio, la cui efficacia necessita di validazione clinica. SCOPO DELLO STUDIO L’obiettivo primario dello studio è la validazione del modello di triage avanzato utilizzato presso l’U.O.C. Accettazione e Pronto Soccorso di Padova, valutando l’associazione tra positività del triage avanzato ed esito del paziente, in termini di ricovero ed eventi avversi. Obiettivi secondari includono la descrizione delle caratteristiche cliniche e demografiche della popolazione, l’analisi della gestione intraospedaliera, con particolare attenzione alla variabilità del tempo di monitoraggio elettrocardiografico a cui i pazienti sono sottoposti e l’incidenza di eventi avversi a 30 giorni. MATERIALI E METODI Studio prospettico osservazionale monocentrico condotto su 308 pazienti adulti afferenti per sincope al PS di Padova tra Marzo e Dicembre 2025. Sono stati raccolti dati clinici, laboratoristici, elettrocardiografici e gestionali, con follow-up a 30 giorni per la rilevazione di eventi avversi. È stata valutata l’associazione tra positività del triage avanzato, esito dell’accesso in PS ed eventi avversi a breve termine. RISULTATI Sono stati registrati 27 eventi avversi a 30 giorni nella popolazione studiata (8,8%). Età avanzata, comorbidità cardiovascolari, alterazioni elettrocardiografiche, anemia, valori elevati di troponina e punteggi più alti al CSRS risultano associati a maggiore rischio di eventi. Il CSRS ha mostrato un’elevata capacità discriminativa (AUC 0,859). La durata del monitoraggio elettrocardiografico in PS non è risultata associata alla comparsa di eventi, mentre il triage avanzato ha mostrato una capacità predittiva moderata, risultando più utile nell’esclusione che nella conferma del rischio. CONCLUSIONI La gestione della sincope in PS beneficia di un approccio integrato che combini giudizio clinico e strumenti di stratificazione del rischio. Il CSRS si conferma utile per identificare pazienti dimissibili in sicurezza, mentre il protocollo di triage avanzato necessita di ulteriore ottimizzazione per migliorarne accuratezza e impatto organizzativo.
“GESTIONE DEL PAZIENTE CON SINCOPE IN PRONTO SOCCORSO: STRATIFICAZIONE DEL RISCHIO, VALIDAZIONE DEL PROTOCOLLO DI TRIAGE AVANZATO E VALUTAZIONE DEGLI EVENTI AVVERSI”
DI CRISTOFORO, MONICA
2023/2024
Abstract
BACKGROUND Syncope is a frequent cause of Emergency Department (ED) admission and requires early identification of potentially life-threatening conditions and appropriate risk stratification. Despite the availability of prognostic scores, including the Canadian Syncope Risk Score (CSRS), patient management, particularly for those at intermediate risk, remains heterogeneous. At the Hospital -University of Padova Emergency Department an advanced triage model has been implemented for early risk assessment, whose clinical effectiveness requires validation. STUDY OBJECTIVE The primary objective of this study was to validate the advanced triage model used at the Emergency Department of Padova, evaluating the association between advanced triage positivity and patient outcomes in terms of hospital admission and adverse events. Secondary objectives included the description of clinical and demographic characteristics of the study population, analysis of intra-hospital management with particular attention to variability in electrocardiographic monitoring duration, and the incidence of adverse events at 30 days. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective, single-center observational study included 308 adult patients presenting to the Padova Emergency Department for syncope between March and December 2025. Clinical, laboratory, electrocardiographic, and management data were collected, with 30-day follow-up to identify adverse events. The association between advanced triage positivity, ED outcome, and short-term adverse events was evaluated. RESULTS A total of 27 adverse events at 30 days were recorded in the study population (8,8%). Advanced age, cardiovascular comorbidities, electrocardiographic abnormalities, anemia, elevated troponin levels, and higher CSRS scores were associated with an increased risk of events. The CSRS demonstrated high discriminative performance (AUC 0.859). The duration of electrocardiographic monitoring in the ED was not associated with event occurrence, whereas advanced triage showed moderate predictive performance, proving more useful in excluding rather than confirming risk. CONCLUSIONS Management of syncope in the ED benefits from an integrated approach combining clinical judgment and structured risk stratification tools. The CSRS remains useful for safely identifying patients suitable for discharge, while the advanced triage protocol requires further optimization to improve accuracy and organizational impact.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/103810