Background and Aims: To describe and test a novel, joint management system (hepato-biliary surgery and hepatology) of patients undergoing elective procedures for hepato-biliary disorders of varying origin, within the setting of a short medical hospitalisation. Method: Patients electively admitted under this system to the Internal Medicine Ward 5 - Hepatology (Padova University Hospital) between Feb 2023 and June 2025 were included. Admissions were jointly scheduled and prioritized by designated hepatologists and hepato-biliary surgeons, and managed by a specialist case manager nurse. On admission, clinical and laboratory tests were performed, and patients prepared as appropriate (i.e. hydration, antibiotic prophylaxis etc.), and then monitored after the procedure; any complications were treated as necessary. Outcomes were classified as discharge within 72 hours, longer hospitalization, transfer to other ward, death. Results: 352 procedures were performed over the testing period: 99 (28%) endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographies (ERCP), 127 (36%) locoregional treatments (LRT) for hepato-biliary malignancies, 71 (20%) percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainages (PTBD), and 55 (16%) other. 264 (75%) were first admissions (76% males, 68 ± 12 years) and 88 (25%) were repeated admissions (i.e. patients undergoing ≥ 2 procedures). Underlying conditions included cirrhosis (34%), a history of liver transplantation (22%), and hepato-biliary malignancies (38%). Inpatient stay was 2.4 ± 4.3 days, with 86% of patients being discharged within 72 hours. Complications occurred in 57 patients (16%), with no differences between procedures. Although mostly mild, complications significantly prolonged the inpatient stay (8.5 ± 8.4 vs 1.2 ± 0.75 days, p<0.001). PTBD-related complications resulted in longer hospitalisations compared to ERCP- and LRT-related complications (p<0.05). When complications occurred, lower pre-procedural white blood cell count was observed for ERCP (p<0.05), and lower haemoglobin and elevated AST, ALT, GGT, INR and bilirubin for PTBD (p<0.05). No laboratory differences were observed between complicated and uncomplicated LRTs. Finally, 30-day CT scans showed complete radiological response in 57% of LRTs. Conclusion: integrated hepatological-surgical management of patients undergoing complex hepato-biliary procedures within the setting of an elective medical hospitalization is feasible and effective, ensuring short inpatient stays and low complication rates, at least in a large tertiary referral liver centre.
Obiettivi: descrivere e valutare un nuovo sistema di gestione integrata epatologico-chirurgica per ricoveri brevi in ambiente medico di pazienti sottoposti a procedure elettive per il trattamento di patologie epato-biliari. Metodi: sono stati inclusi i pazienti ricoverati in regime elettivo presso la Clinica Medica 5 (Medicina interna ad indirizzo epatologico) dell’Azienda Ospedaliera-Università di Padova tra febbraio 2023 e giugno 2025. L’indicazione al ricovero e la lista di attesa sono stati gestiti congiuntamente da internisti/epatologi e chirurghi epato-biliari dedicati, insieme ad un coordinamento infermieristico specialistico. I pazienti sono stati sottoposti ad una valutazione clinica e laboratoristica pre-procedurale, ad una gestione peri-procedurale standardizzata (es. idratazione, profilassi antibiotica) e a monitoraggio e gestione di eventuali complicanze post-procedurali. Gli esiti del ricovero sono stati distinti in: dimissione entro 72 ore, prolungamento della degenza, trasferimento in altro reparto o decesso. Risultati: Sono state eseguite 352 procedure: 99 (28%) colangiopancreatografie retrograde endoscopiche (ERCP), 127 (36%) trattamenti locoregionali (LRT) di lesioni del fegato, 71 (20%) drenaggi biliari transepatici percutanei (PTBD) e 55 (16%) altri interventi. Di questi, 264 (75%) erano primi ricoveri (76% maschi, età media 68 ± 12 anni) e 88 (25%) erano ricoveri ripetuti per procedure successive. Le patologie di base associate comprendevano cirrosi epatica (34%), storia di trapianto di fegato (22%) e neoplasie epato-biliari (38%). La durata media della degenza è stata di 2,4 ± 4,3 giorni, con l'86% dei pazienti dimessi entro 72 ore. Si sono verificate complicanze in 57 pazienti (16%), senza differenze significative tra i tipi di procedura. Sebbene per lo più lievi, le complicanze hanno prolungato significativamente la degenza (8,5 ± 8,4 vs 1,2 ± 0,75 giorni, p<0,001). Le complicanze post-PTBD hanno comportato degenze più lunghe rispetto a quelle post ERCP e LRT (p<0,05). Considerando le ERCP, nei casi in cui si sono verificate complicanze, è stata osservata una conta dei globuli bianchi pre-procedura significativamente inferiore rispetto ai casi senza complicanze. Considerando i PTBD, nei casi in cui si sono verificate complicanze sono state osservate emoglobina inferiore ed elevati valori di AST, ALT, GGT, INR e bilirubina rispetto ai casi senza complicanze (p<0,05). Non sono state osservate differenze tra LRT complicate e non. La TC a 30 giorni dall’esecuzione di LRT ha documentato una risposta radiologica completa nel 57% dei casi. Conclusioni: La gestione integrata epatologico-chirurgica per procedure epato-biliari complesse in regime di ricovero elettivo medico è fattibile ed efficace. Questo modello garantisce degenze brevi e tassi di complicanze gestibili, perlomeno in un centro epatologico di riferimento ad alto volume.
Medical management of patients undergoing elective, liver-related invasive procedures - a novel collaboration model for hepatologists and hepato-biliary surgeons
GIUNTA, FEDERICA
2023/2024
Abstract
Background and Aims: To describe and test a novel, joint management system (hepato-biliary surgery and hepatology) of patients undergoing elective procedures for hepato-biliary disorders of varying origin, within the setting of a short medical hospitalisation. Method: Patients electively admitted under this system to the Internal Medicine Ward 5 - Hepatology (Padova University Hospital) between Feb 2023 and June 2025 were included. Admissions were jointly scheduled and prioritized by designated hepatologists and hepato-biliary surgeons, and managed by a specialist case manager nurse. On admission, clinical and laboratory tests were performed, and patients prepared as appropriate (i.e. hydration, antibiotic prophylaxis etc.), and then monitored after the procedure; any complications were treated as necessary. Outcomes were classified as discharge within 72 hours, longer hospitalization, transfer to other ward, death. Results: 352 procedures were performed over the testing period: 99 (28%) endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographies (ERCP), 127 (36%) locoregional treatments (LRT) for hepato-biliary malignancies, 71 (20%) percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainages (PTBD), and 55 (16%) other. 264 (75%) were first admissions (76% males, 68 ± 12 years) and 88 (25%) were repeated admissions (i.e. patients undergoing ≥ 2 procedures). Underlying conditions included cirrhosis (34%), a history of liver transplantation (22%), and hepato-biliary malignancies (38%). Inpatient stay was 2.4 ± 4.3 days, with 86% of patients being discharged within 72 hours. Complications occurred in 57 patients (16%), with no differences between procedures. Although mostly mild, complications significantly prolonged the inpatient stay (8.5 ± 8.4 vs 1.2 ± 0.75 days, p<0.001). PTBD-related complications resulted in longer hospitalisations compared to ERCP- and LRT-related complications (p<0.05). When complications occurred, lower pre-procedural white blood cell count was observed for ERCP (p<0.05), and lower haemoglobin and elevated AST, ALT, GGT, INR and bilirubin for PTBD (p<0.05). No laboratory differences were observed between complicated and uncomplicated LRTs. Finally, 30-day CT scans showed complete radiological response in 57% of LRTs. Conclusion: integrated hepatological-surgical management of patients undergoing complex hepato-biliary procedures within the setting of an elective medical hospitalization is feasible and effective, ensuring short inpatient stays and low complication rates, at least in a large tertiary referral liver centre.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/103850