core collection as a lever for the effieciency of remanufacturing processes

Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) has emerged as one of the fastest-growing and most complex waste streams worldwide, driven by rapid technological innovation, shorter product lifespans, and increasing consumer demand. The improper handling and informal recycling of WEEE lead to significant environmental contamination and health risks due to hazardous components such as lead, mercury, and brominated flame retardants, while also resulting in the loss of valuable secondary raw materials like gold, silver, copper, and rare earth elements. Effective WEEE management is therefore critical to advancing circular economy principles by reducing dependence on virgin resources, minimizing greenhouse gas emissions, and promoting sustainable production. This thesis investigates sustainable WEEE management with a particular focus on reverse logistics, core collection and sorting mechanisms, and remanufacturing processes. By analyzing global policies such as the European Union WEEE Directive (2012/19/EU), technological advancements including sensor-based sorting and artificial intelligence, and the integration of informal recycling sectors, this research highlights strategies to improve material recovery efficiency and economic feasibility. Furthermore, the study emphasizes how intelligent core identification and remanufacturing can enhance operational efficiency and profitability while aligning with sustainability goals. The findings aim to support policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers in developing innovative, economically viable, and environmentally responsible approaches to WEEE management.