Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a hereditary disease characterized by progressive loss of myocardial function due to fibro-fatty replacement of cardiac tissue. Most pathogenic mutations involve genes encoding intercalated disc components. The aim of this thesis was to develop and characterize an in vitro cellular model of ACM to study the molecular mechanisms underlying the disease. The experimental model was generated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) derived from a patient carrying the nonsense variant p.Q273* in the desmoplakin (DSP) gene and compared with an isogenic control. During the project, the protocol for the differentiation of cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) and cardiac endothelium was optimized. The characterization was conducted using immunofluorescence, analyzing the localization of junction proteins such as CX43 and α-ACT in both cell populations, while the desmosomal proteins DSP, DSG2, PKP2, NCAD, JUP, and β-catenin were assessed in hiPSC-CMs. Real-time PCR analyses showed a reduction in DSP expression in the mutant line, confirmed by Western blot. No statistically significant differences emerged for the other proteins analyzed. The resulting cell lines represent a useful model for generating cardiac microtissues for in vitro study of ACM.
La cardiomiopatia aritmogena (ACM) è una malattia ereditaria caratterizzata da una progressiva perdita della funzionalità del miocardio, dovuta alla sostituzione fibro-adiposa del tessuto cardiaco. La maggior parte delle mutazioni patogene coinvolge geni codificanti per i componenti dei dischi intercalari. Lo scopo di questa tesi è stato sviluppare e caratterizzare un modello cellulare in vitro di ACM per lo studio dei meccanismi molecolari alla base della patologia. Il modello sperimentale è stato generato a partire da cellule staminali pluripotenti indotte umane (hiPSC) derivate da un paziente portatore della variante non senso p.Q273* nel gene della desmoplachina (DSP) e confrontate con un controllo isogenico. Nel corso del progetto è stato ottimizzato il protocollo di differenziamento in cardiomiociti (hiPSC-CMs) e cellule endoteliali. La caratterizzazione è stata condotta mediante immunofluorescenza, analizzando la localizzazione di proteine di giunzione come CX43 e α-ACT in entrambe le popolazioni cellulari, mentre le proteine desmosomiali DSP, DSG2, PKP2, NCAD, JUP e β-catenina sono state valutate nei hiPSC-CMs. Le analisi di Real Time PCR hanno evidenziato una riduzione dell’espressione di DSP nella linea mutata, confermata dal Western blot. Non sono emerse differenze statisticamente significative per le altre proteine analizzate. Le linee cellulari ottenute rappresentano un modello utile per la generazione di microtessuti cardiaci per lo studio in vitro della ACM.
Utilizzo di modelli cellulari differenziati da iPSC portatrici di una variante patogena del gene DSP associata alla cardiomiopatia aritmogena
LUISE, REBECCA
2025/2026
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a hereditary disease characterized by progressive loss of myocardial function due to fibro-fatty replacement of cardiac tissue. Most pathogenic mutations involve genes encoding intercalated disc components. The aim of this thesis was to develop and characterize an in vitro cellular model of ACM to study the molecular mechanisms underlying the disease. The experimental model was generated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) derived from a patient carrying the nonsense variant p.Q273* in the desmoplakin (DSP) gene and compared with an isogenic control. During the project, the protocol for the differentiation of cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) and cardiac endothelium was optimized. The characterization was conducted using immunofluorescence, analyzing the localization of junction proteins such as CX43 and α-ACT in both cell populations, while the desmosomal proteins DSP, DSG2, PKP2, NCAD, JUP, and β-catenin were assessed in hiPSC-CMs. Real-time PCR analyses showed a reduction in DSP expression in the mutant line, confirmed by Western blot. No statistically significant differences emerged for the other proteins analyzed. The resulting cell lines represent a useful model for generating cardiac microtissues for in vitro study of ACM.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/105404