Harbour defence structures represent strategic engineered systems able to provide different functions, such as navigation, trade, protection, tourism and urban development, while interacting with marine environment. To fulfil these purposes, ports must be properly designed to guarantee structural stability, withstanding hydrodynamic forces. Modern port designs must include and consider environmental aspects, promoting sustainability and safety of marine ecosystems. In this context, the Maritime Laboratory of the Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering (ICEA) of the University of Padua carried out experimental analysis in a two-dimensional wave flume to investigate the stability of the main breakwater of the Al Daffah port intended to be built in Oman. The breakwater is characterised by an artificial armour layer composed of CORE-LOCTM units. The experimental results showed good hydraulic performance and proper functioning, guaranteeing calm sea conditions within the port area. In addition, the carbon footprint associated to the breakwater construction was evaluated and compared with an alternative solution, composed entirely by natural rock armour layer. The comparison carried out highlighted the significant functional advantages offered by the artificial armour unit solution over the natural rock alternative. Also from an environmental perspective, the use of artificial units proves to be overall more advantageous. Indeed, emissions produced for the construction of the alternative natural rock cross-section resulted approximately 27% higher. Natural resources are becoming increasingly limited; therefore, rock material should be reserved exclusively for cases in which its use is truly indispensable. Finally, carbon footprint mitigation strategies are discussed, including the use of more eco-friendly construction materials, as well as nature-based solutions and blue carbon approaches in coastal infrastructure design.
Le strutture di difesa portuale rappresentano sistemi ingegneristici strategici in grado di svolgere diverse funzioni, quali la navigazione, il commercio, la protezione, il turismo e lo sviluppo urbano, interagendo al contempo con l’ambiente marino. Per adempiere a tali finalità, i porti devono essere progettati in modo adeguato così da garantire la stabilità strutturale e resistere alle forze idrodinamiche. La progettazione dei porti moderni deve includere e tenere conto degli aspetti ambientali, promuovendo la sostenibilità e la sicurezza degli ecosistemi marini. In questo contesto, il Laboratorio Marittimo del Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Edile e Ambientale (ICEA) dell’Università di Padova ha condotto analisi sperimentali in canale ondoso bidimensionale per studiare la stabilità del frangiflutti principale del porto di Al Daffah, che si intende costruire in Oman. Il frangiflutti è caratterizzato da una mantellata artificiale composta da elementi CORE-LOCTM. I risultati sperimentali hanno mostrato buone prestazioni idrauliche e un corretto funzionamento, garantendo condizioni di mare calmo all'interno dell'area portuale. Inoltre, è stata valutata e confrontata l’impronta di carbonio associata alla costruzione del frangiflutti con una soluzione alternativa, costituita interamente da una mantellata in roccia naturale. Il confronto effettuato ha evidenziato i significativi vantaggi funzionali offerti dalla soluzione con elementi di protezione artificiali rispetto all’alternativa in roccia naturale. Anche dal punto di vista ambientale, l’uso di elementi artificiali si rivela complessivamente più vantaggioso. Infatti, le emissioni prodotte per la costruzione del frangiflutti con alternativa in roccia naturale sono risultate superiori di circa il 27%. Le risorse naturali stanno diventando sempre più limitate; pertanto, il materiale roccioso dovrebbe essere riservato esclusivamente ai casi in cui il suo utilizzo è veramente indispensabile. Infine, vengono discusse le strategie di mitigazione dell'impronta di carbonio, compreso l'uso di materiali da costruzione più ecologici, nonché le cosiddette nature-based solutions e il blue carbon approach nella progettazione delle infrastrutture costiere.
Experimental Study on the Breakwater Stability of a Fishery Harbour in Oman and Carbon Footprint Mitigation
DOTTO, FRANCESCA
2025/2026
Abstract
Harbour defence structures represent strategic engineered systems able to provide different functions, such as navigation, trade, protection, tourism and urban development, while interacting with marine environment. To fulfil these purposes, ports must be properly designed to guarantee structural stability, withstanding hydrodynamic forces. Modern port designs must include and consider environmental aspects, promoting sustainability and safety of marine ecosystems. In this context, the Maritime Laboratory of the Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering (ICEA) of the University of Padua carried out experimental analysis in a two-dimensional wave flume to investigate the stability of the main breakwater of the Al Daffah port intended to be built in Oman. The breakwater is characterised by an artificial armour layer composed of CORE-LOCTM units. The experimental results showed good hydraulic performance and proper functioning, guaranteeing calm sea conditions within the port area. In addition, the carbon footprint associated to the breakwater construction was evaluated and compared with an alternative solution, composed entirely by natural rock armour layer. The comparison carried out highlighted the significant functional advantages offered by the artificial armour unit solution over the natural rock alternative. Also from an environmental perspective, the use of artificial units proves to be overall more advantageous. Indeed, emissions produced for the construction of the alternative natural rock cross-section resulted approximately 27% higher. Natural resources are becoming increasingly limited; therefore, rock material should be reserved exclusively for cases in which its use is truly indispensable. Finally, carbon footprint mitigation strategies are discussed, including the use of more eco-friendly construction materials, as well as nature-based solutions and blue carbon approaches in coastal infrastructure design.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/106441