This study turns toward Jean Racines Esther, not at once but by way of its grounding in the biblical account, and by its uneasy position inside seventeenth century French classical theatre, a place never entirely settled. It takes up, in the first instance the historical and literary surroundings, the reception of the Bible in France as it stood, the use, sometimes strained of biblical material in literature, and the broader European presence of sacred tragedy. which does not operate in isolation from other dramatic forms. The discussion stays close to Racines intellectual and spiritual formation, which appears to have shaped, though not fully explained the distinctive elements of his theatre, the formal rigor certainly, yet also a psychological attentiveness that does not remain evenly distributed. A close reading of a central scene is pursued, where religious and political lexicon cross rhetorical figures accumulate, and action gives way, then returns to meditation, with the chorus taking on a role that is musical and poetic and not only ornamental. The poetics of sacred tragedy is approached through rhythm and meaning, and through its effect on an audience, particularly within the educational context of the Maison royale de Saint Louis. a setting that imposes limits while also enabling form Recent readings, notably by Servane L’Hôpital, stress a coherence between institutional constraint, stylistic decision and moral intention, though the balance remains open , A comparison with Judith and Athaliah places Esther within a feminine dramatic lineage, carrying moral and political weight in uneven measure. the later influence of the tragedy on French theatre religious writing and present culture, including school curricula and modern adaptations continues, though not without shifts.
Cette étude se penche sur Esther de Jean Racine, non pas immédiatement, mais en s'appuyant sur le récit biblique et sur sa position délicate au sein du théâtre classique français du XVIIe siècle, un domaine qui n'a jamais été entièrement stabilisé. Elle aborde tout d'abord le contexte historique et littéraire, la réception de la Bible en France telle qu'elle était, l'utilisation, parfois forcée, du matériel biblique dans la littérature, et la présence plus large en Europe de la tragédie sacrée, qui ne fonctionne pas indépendamment des autres formes dramatiques. La discussion reste proche de la formation intellectuelle et spirituelle de Racine, qui semble avoir façonné, sans toutefois l'expliquer entièrement, les éléments distinctifs de son théâtre, à savoir la rigueur formelle, certes, mais aussi une attention psychologique qui ne reste pas uniformément répartie. Une lecture attentive d'une scène centrale est proposée, où le lexique religieux et politique se croise, où les figures rhétoriques s'accumulent, où l'action cède la place à la méditation, puis y revient, et où le chœur joue un rôle musical et poétique, et non seulement ornemental. La poétique de la tragédie sacrée est abordée à travers le rythme et le sens, ainsi que par son effet sur le public, en particulier dans le contexte éducatif de la Maison royale de Saint Louis, un cadre qui impose des limites tout en permettant la forme. Des lectures récentes, notamment celles de Servane L'Hôpital, soulignent une cohérence entre contrainte institutionnelle, décision stylistique et intention morale, même si l'équilibre reste ouvert. Une comparaison avec Judith et Athalie place Esther dans une lignée dramatique féminine, porteuse d'un poids moral et politique inégal. L'influence ultérieure de la tragédie sur le théâtre français, les écrits religieux et la culture actuelle, y compris les programmes scolaires et les adaptations modernes, se poursuit, mais non sans changements.
Jean Racine entre Bible et théâtre classique : la figure d’Esther et son incarnation dramatique
COSTANTIN, SARA
2025/2026
Abstract
This study turns toward Jean Racines Esther, not at once but by way of its grounding in the biblical account, and by its uneasy position inside seventeenth century French classical theatre, a place never entirely settled. It takes up, in the first instance the historical and literary surroundings, the reception of the Bible in France as it stood, the use, sometimes strained of biblical material in literature, and the broader European presence of sacred tragedy. which does not operate in isolation from other dramatic forms. The discussion stays close to Racines intellectual and spiritual formation, which appears to have shaped, though not fully explained the distinctive elements of his theatre, the formal rigor certainly, yet also a psychological attentiveness that does not remain evenly distributed. A close reading of a central scene is pursued, where religious and political lexicon cross rhetorical figures accumulate, and action gives way, then returns to meditation, with the chorus taking on a role that is musical and poetic and not only ornamental. The poetics of sacred tragedy is approached through rhythm and meaning, and through its effect on an audience, particularly within the educational context of the Maison royale de Saint Louis. a setting that imposes limits while also enabling form Recent readings, notably by Servane L’Hôpital, stress a coherence between institutional constraint, stylistic decision and moral intention, though the balance remains open , A comparison with Judith and Athaliah places Esther within a feminine dramatic lineage, carrying moral and political weight in uneven measure. the later influence of the tragedy on French theatre religious writing and present culture, including school curricula and modern adaptations continues, though not without shifts.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/106993