High performance and fidelity software for swarm debris propagation. Application to a post breakup cloud in ELFO orbit.

The rapid expansion of lunar exploration, exemplified by programs such as NASA’s Artemis and ESA’s Moonlight, has transitioned the "Second Lunar Era" from exploratory missions to a sustained human and robotic presence. This increased traffic necessitates a proactive approach to space debris management in cislunar space to avoid environmental degradation. Traditional simplified mathematical frameworks, like the Circular Restricted Three-Body Problem (CR3BP), are often insufficient for long-term debris propagation in complex environments such as Elliptical Lunar Frozen Orbits (ELFO), as they neglect critical non-spherical gravitational perturbations and Solar Radiation Pressure (SRP). This thesis presents \textbf{SpOdy} (Simultaneous Propagation of Orbital DYnamics), a high-performance and high-fidelity open-source software developed in C and parallelized using the OpenMP framework. SpOdy is designed to handle the massive computational burden of propagating thousands of debris fragments while maintaining high physical fidelity. The software integrates complex force models, including lunar gravity harmonics and SRP, and its performance and accuracy are validated against NASA’s General Mission Analysis Tool (GMAT). The tool is applied to analyze the evolution of a synthetic debris cloud in an ELFO orbit, generated using the Collision Simulation Tool Solver (CSTS). The analysis reveals that while lunar gravity harmonics have a negligible impact on fragment dispersion in the studied orbit, the influence of Solar Radiation Pressure is critical for accurately predicting Time of Flight (ToF) and impact distributions. Furthermore, the study investigates how post-breakup velocity impulses affect orbital stability, demonstrating that fragments with increased eccentricity lead to faster orbital decay. This research provides a robust software framework essential for future lunar orbital governance.