This thesis presents the results of Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) surveys acquired on the site of the 11th-century complex of San Nicolò al Lido in Venice. Situated at the strategic crossroads between the Adriatic Sea and the Venetian Lagoon, the monastic complex of San Nicolò represented, since its foundation, a site of exceptional historical value, serving as the "Golden Gate" of the Serenissima and a guardian of its most vital maritime access. Despite its historical centrality, the original planimetric layout of the medieval church, dismantled in the 17th century, remains largely unknown due to the limitations of previous fragmentary archaeological excavations and the challenging hydrogeological conditions of the Lido’s coastal strip. This research adopts a strictly interdisciplinary approach, integrating quantitative, non-invasive information, provided by extensive 2D surveys vs pseudo-3D ERT interpretation of the archaeological remains, with direct information obtained from archaeological data and other historical and recent documents. Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) was selected as the primary method to overcome the failures of other geophysical techniques (such as GPR) in high-salinity and attenuating environments. By exploiting the stark resistivity contrast between buried masonry structures and the surrounding brackish water-saturated sediments, the survey aimed to produce a 3D view of the distribution of archaeological remains in this site. Archival research, supported by the local Superintendence, also provided geological information due to core sampling in the area. This data has been used to interpret the ERT profiles. The geological information and the spatial distribution of resistivity anomalies in the inspected area allow for the identification of the entire possible S. Nicolò church remains, and other associated structures that eluded previous archaeological excavations. Ultimately, this research offers a non-invasive, replicable model useful for preventive archaeology and heritage conservation in similar fragile lagoon contexts, transforming a knowledge gap into a robust scientific tool, first for the protection of Venice’s cultural legacy.
Questa tesi presenta i risultati di indagini di tomografia di resistività elettrica (ERT) acquisite sul sito del complesso monastico secolare (XI secolo) di San Nicolò al Lido di Venezia. Situato nello strategico crocevia tra il Mar Adriatico e la Laguna di Venezia, il complesso monastico di San Nicolò ha rappresentato, fin dalla sua fondazione, un sito di eccezionale valore storico, fungendo da "Porta d'Oro" della Serenissima e custode del suo vitale accesso marittimo. Nonostante la sua centralità storica, l'originaria planimetria della chiesa medievale, smantellata nel XVII secolo, rimane in gran parte sconosciuta a causa dei limiti dei precedenti scavi archeologici frammentari e delle difficili condizioni idrogeologiche della fascia costiera del Lido. Questa ricerca adotta un approccio rigorosamente interdisciplinare, integrando informazioni quantitative non invasive, fornite da estese indagini 2D e da interpretazioni pseudo-3D ERT dei resti archeologici, con informazioni dirette ottenute da dati archeologici e da altri documenti storici e recenti. La tomografia di resistività elettrica (ERT) è stata scelta come metodo principale per superare i limiti di altre tecniche geofisiche (come il GPR) in ambienti ad alta salinità e con elevata attenuazione. Sfruttando il netto contrasto di resistività tra le strutture murarie sepolte e i sedimenti circostanti saturi di acqua salmastra, l'indagine si è posta l'obiettivo di produrre una visione tridimensionale della distribuzione dei resti archeologici in questo sito. La ricerca d'archivio, supportata dalla Soprintendenza locale, ha inoltre fornito informazioni geologiche grazie al prelievo di carote nell'area. Questi dati sono stati utilizzati per interpretare i profili ERT. Le informazioni geologiche e la distribuzione spaziale delle anomalie di resistività nell'area ispezionata consentono di identificare l'intero possibile complesso della chiesa di S. Nicolò e altre strutture associate che erano sfuggite a precedenti scavi archeologici. In definitiva, questa ricerca offre un modello non invasivo e replicabile, utile per l'archeologia preventiva e la conservazione del patrimonio in contesti lagunari fragili simili, trasformando una lacuna di conoscenza in un solido strumento scientifico, in primo luogo per la tutela del patrimonio culturale di Venezia.
Il contributo delle prospezioni geofisiche alla raccolta di nuovi dati sull’antica chiesa di S. Nicolò al Lido
CODENOTTI, FILIPPO
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis presents the results of Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) surveys acquired on the site of the 11th-century complex of San Nicolò al Lido in Venice. Situated at the strategic crossroads between the Adriatic Sea and the Venetian Lagoon, the monastic complex of San Nicolò represented, since its foundation, a site of exceptional historical value, serving as the "Golden Gate" of the Serenissima and a guardian of its most vital maritime access. Despite its historical centrality, the original planimetric layout of the medieval church, dismantled in the 17th century, remains largely unknown due to the limitations of previous fragmentary archaeological excavations and the challenging hydrogeological conditions of the Lido’s coastal strip. This research adopts a strictly interdisciplinary approach, integrating quantitative, non-invasive information, provided by extensive 2D surveys vs pseudo-3D ERT interpretation of the archaeological remains, with direct information obtained from archaeological data and other historical and recent documents. Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) was selected as the primary method to overcome the failures of other geophysical techniques (such as GPR) in high-salinity and attenuating environments. By exploiting the stark resistivity contrast between buried masonry structures and the surrounding brackish water-saturated sediments, the survey aimed to produce a 3D view of the distribution of archaeological remains in this site. Archival research, supported by the local Superintendence, also provided geological information due to core sampling in the area. This data has been used to interpret the ERT profiles. The geological information and the spatial distribution of resistivity anomalies in the inspected area allow for the identification of the entire possible S. Nicolò church remains, and other associated structures that eluded previous archaeological excavations. Ultimately, this research offers a non-invasive, replicable model useful for preventive archaeology and heritage conservation in similar fragile lagoon contexts, transforming a knowledge gap into a robust scientific tool, first for the protection of Venice’s cultural legacy.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Tesi Codenotti Filippo.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/108691