This thesis examines the relationship between work and migration from West Africa to Italy, placing cultural conceptions of work, migration trajectories, and modes of labour market integration in destination contexts at the centre of the analysis. The aim is to move beyond an exclusively economic interpretation of migration and to restore the complexity of the motivations, expectations, and strategies that shape migrants’ individual and family choices. The first part of the study outlines the geographical, demographic, and economic context of West Africa, with particular attention to labour market structures, the prevalence of informality, and the role of social and family networks. The analysis then turns to migration flows to Italy, examining the main routes, motivations for departure, and the ways in which work is used as a resource to finance the migratory journey. The case studies of Senegal, Nigeria, Burkina Faso, Gambia, and Guinea make it possible to highlight similarities and differences in migratory pathways and in processes of labour market integration. The empirical section is based on a qualitative study conducted through interviews with migrants from West Africa. The findings show that work is primarily experienced as a moral responsibility and as a means of supporting the family and the wider community, rather than as a sphere of individual self-realisation. Comparison with the Italian context reveals a shift towards more regulated forms of employment, alongside dynamics of occupational downgrading, precarity, and labour market segmentation. The thesis concludes by emphasising the need for inclusion policies that are more attentive to biographical trajectories, skills recognition, and cultural specificities, in order to promote fairer and more sustainable labour market integration.
La presente tesi analizza il rapporto tra lavoro e migrazione dall’Africa occidentale all’Italia, mettendo al centro le concezioni culturali del lavoro, i percorsi migratori e le modalità di inserimento occupazionale nei contesti di arrivo. L’obiettivo è superare una lettura esclusivamente economica del fenomeno migratorio, restituendo la complessità delle motivazioni, delle aspettative e delle strategie che orientano le scelte individuali e familiari dei migranti. Nella prima parte del lavoro viene delineato il contesto geografico, demografico ed economico dell’Africa occidentale, con particolare attenzione alle strutture del mercato del lavoro, alla diffusione dell’informalità e al ruolo delle reti sociali e familiari. Successivamente, la ricerca esamina i flussi migratori verso l’Italia, le principali rotte, le motivazioni alla partenza e le modalità con cui il lavoro viene utilizzato come risorsa per finanziare il viaggio migratorio. I casi studio relativi a Senegal, Nigeria, Burkina Faso, Gambia e Guinea permettono di evidenziare analogie e differenze nei percorsi migratori e nei processi di integrazione lavorativa. La parte empirica si basa su un’indagine qualitativa condotta attraverso interviste a migranti provenienti dall’Africa occidentale. I risultati mostrano come il lavoro sia vissuto principalmente come responsabilità morale e strumento di sostegno alla famiglia e alla comunità, più che come ambito di autorealizzazione individuale. Il confronto con il contesto italiano evidenzia un passaggio verso forme di lavoro maggiormente regolamentate, ma anche dinamiche di declassamento occupazionale, precarietà e segmentazione del mercato del lavoro. La tesi conclude sottolineando la necessità di politiche di inclusione più attente ai percorsi biografici, al riconoscimento delle competenze e alle specificità culturali, al fine di favorire un inserimento lavorativo più equo e sostenibile.
Lavoro e migrazione dall’Africa Occidentale all’Italia: concezioni culturali, percorsi e inserimento occupazionale
MERLIN, MANUEL
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis examines the relationship between work and migration from West Africa to Italy, placing cultural conceptions of work, migration trajectories, and modes of labour market integration in destination contexts at the centre of the analysis. The aim is to move beyond an exclusively economic interpretation of migration and to restore the complexity of the motivations, expectations, and strategies that shape migrants’ individual and family choices. The first part of the study outlines the geographical, demographic, and economic context of West Africa, with particular attention to labour market structures, the prevalence of informality, and the role of social and family networks. The analysis then turns to migration flows to Italy, examining the main routes, motivations for departure, and the ways in which work is used as a resource to finance the migratory journey. The case studies of Senegal, Nigeria, Burkina Faso, Gambia, and Guinea make it possible to highlight similarities and differences in migratory pathways and in processes of labour market integration. The empirical section is based on a qualitative study conducted through interviews with migrants from West Africa. The findings show that work is primarily experienced as a moral responsibility and as a means of supporting the family and the wider community, rather than as a sphere of individual self-realisation. Comparison with the Italian context reveals a shift towards more regulated forms of employment, alongside dynamics of occupational downgrading, precarity, and labour market segmentation. The thesis concludes by emphasising the need for inclusion policies that are more attentive to biographical trajectories, skills recognition, and cultural specificities, in order to promote fairer and more sustainable labour market integration.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Lavoro e migrazione dall’Africa Occidentale all’Italia concezioni culturali, percorsi e inserimento occupazionale.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/108717