This thesis examines the concept of democracy starting from the thought of Norberto Bobbio, who conceives it, in ideal terms, as a set of procedural rules structured around participation, freedom, equality, nonviolence, and tolerance, while acknowledging the existence of a gap between "democratic ideals" and "real democracy", resulting from the natural adaptation of theoretical principles to an increasingly complex and constantly evolving reality. The study then analyses the most recent of these transformations, namely those associated with the digital revolution: the emergence of digital platforms and social media, the purported process of disintermediation in political communication, the growing centrality of major multinational technology corporations, the development of Big Data technologies and Artificial Intelligence systems, as well as the use of microtargeting strategies, have had a significant impact on democratic dynamics and display an ambivalent nature because, on the one hand, they expand opportunities for participation and access to information; on the other hand, they may encourage the creation of homogeneous information environments, the spread of misleading content, processes of polarization, and new forms of consensus manipulation. By comparing these phenomena with the conceptual categories developed by Bobbio, it emerges that the transformations characterizing democracy in the digital age can be interpreted as the reconfiguration, in new forms, of issues already identified by the author. Finally, questions are raised about the future of democracy and its ability to govern technological innovation without renouncing its fundamental principles. From this perspective, Bobbio's thought remains a valuable tool for assessing the risks, limitations, and possibilities of contemporary democracy.
L'elaborato analizza il concetto di democrazia a partire dal pensiero di Norberto Bobbio, il quale la concepisce idealmente come un insieme di regole procedurali che si strutturano attorno alla partecipazione, alla libertà, all’eguaglianza, alla nonviolenza e alla tolleranza, ammettendo però che tra gli «ideali democratici» e la «democrazia reale» esiste un divario, esito del naturale adattamento dei principi teorici alla realtà, sempre più complessa e soggetta a continue trasformazioni. Successivamente vengono analizzate le più recenti di queste trasformazioni, ossia quelle connesse alla rivoluzione digitale: l'avvento delle piattaforme digitali e dei social media, l'apparente processo di disintermediazione nella comunicazione politica, la crescente centralità delle grandi multinazionali del settore tecnologico, lo sviluppo delle tecnologie di Big Data e dei sistemi di Intelligenza Artificiale, nonché l'impiego delle strategie di microtargeting hanno prodotto un forte impatto sulle dinamiche democratiche e presentano caratteri ambivalenti poiché, se da un lato ampliano le possibilità di partecipazione e di accesso all'informazione, dall’altro possono favorire la creazione di ambienti informativi omogenei, la diffusione di contenuti fuorvianti, fenomeni di polarizzazione e nuove forme di manipolazione del consenso. Attraverso il confronto tra tali fenomeni e le categorie teoriche elaborate da Bobbio, emerge come le trasformazioni che caratterizzano la democrazia nell'era digitale possano essere interpretate come una riproposizione, in forme nuove, di problematiche già individuate dall'autore. Infine, ci si interroga sulle prospettive future della democrazia e sulla sua capacità di governare l'innovazione tecnologica senza rinunciare ai propri principi fondamentali. In questa prospettiva, il pensiero di Bobbio resta uno strumento utile per valutare rischi, limiti e possibilità della democrazia contemporanea.
Le trasformazioni della democrazia nell'era digitale: un'analisi a partire dal pensiero di Norberto Bobbio
VINCENZI, FRANCESCA
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis examines the concept of democracy starting from the thought of Norberto Bobbio, who conceives it, in ideal terms, as a set of procedural rules structured around participation, freedom, equality, nonviolence, and tolerance, while acknowledging the existence of a gap between "democratic ideals" and "real democracy", resulting from the natural adaptation of theoretical principles to an increasingly complex and constantly evolving reality. The study then analyses the most recent of these transformations, namely those associated with the digital revolution: the emergence of digital platforms and social media, the purported process of disintermediation in political communication, the growing centrality of major multinational technology corporations, the development of Big Data technologies and Artificial Intelligence systems, as well as the use of microtargeting strategies, have had a significant impact on democratic dynamics and display an ambivalent nature because, on the one hand, they expand opportunities for participation and access to information; on the other hand, they may encourage the creation of homogeneous information environments, the spread of misleading content, processes of polarization, and new forms of consensus manipulation. By comparing these phenomena with the conceptual categories developed by Bobbio, it emerges that the transformations characterizing democracy in the digital age can be interpreted as the reconfiguration, in new forms, of issues already identified by the author. Finally, questions are raised about the future of democracy and its ability to govern technological innovation without renouncing its fundamental principles. From this perspective, Bobbio's thought remains a valuable tool for assessing the risks, limitations, and possibilities of contemporary democracy.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/109228