Stab wounds represent a rare method of suicide, accounting for approximately 2–3% of all self-inflicted deaths, whereas they are more commonly associated with homicide. In most cases, the manner of death can be determined through the integrated evaluation of crime scene findings and autopsy results. However, in atypical cases, distinguishing between homicide and suicide may be particularly challenging and requires a comprehensive psychopathological and criminological assessment to clarify the circumstances of death and identify possible underlying motives. This study aims to contribute to the differential diagnosis between homicide and suicide in deaths involving sharp-force injuries through a retrospective observational analysis of 60 cases (36 homicides and 24 suicides) that occurred in the provinces of Padua and Venice, Italy, between 1997 and 2025. Using the Psychological Autopsy method, psychopathological and criminological variables were identified, recorded in a dedicated database, and subjected to statistical analysis. The findings provide insights into factors that may facilitate the interpretation of suspicious deaths and the identification of potential motives, thereby supporting forensic investigations and judicial proceedings.
Le lesioni da arma bianca rappresentano una modalità suicidaria relativamente rara, essendo responsabili di circa il 2–3% di tutti i decessi autoinflitti; esse risultano invece molto più frequentemente associate a eventi di natura omicidiaria. La dinamica dell’evento è stabilita nella maggior parte dei casi dalla valutazione integrata dei dati provenienti da un’attenta analisi della scena del crimine e da una scrupolosa indagine autoptica. Tuttavia, in uno scenario atipico, l’interpretazione della dinamica dell’evento per lesioni da arma bianca può risultare complessa; in tali contesti l’analisi psicopatologica-criminologica può risultare dirimente. Il presente elaborato si propone di contribuire alla diagnosi differenziale tra omicidio e suicidio con arma bianca attraverso un’analisi osservazionale retrospettiva di sessanta casi di decesso per omicidio/suicidio, di cui trentasei omicidi e ventiquattro suicidi, verificatisi nelle province di Padova e Venezia, nel periodo 1997-2025. Attraverso lo strumento dell’Autopsia Psicologica sono state individuate le variabili psicopatologiche-criminologiche, i cui dati inseriti in un database ed elaborati con analisi statistiche, hanno consentito di ottenere risultati per una più accurata comprensione degli eventi mortali sospetti e dei potenziali moventi, fondamentali per supportare le indagini investigative e giudiziarie.
Diagnosi differenziale tra omicidio e suicidio con arma bianca: un'analisi osservazionale retrospettiva attraverso lo strumento dell'Autopsia Psicologica
SPEZZAFERRI, MARTINA
2025/2026
Abstract
Stab wounds represent a rare method of suicide, accounting for approximately 2–3% of all self-inflicted deaths, whereas they are more commonly associated with homicide. In most cases, the manner of death can be determined through the integrated evaluation of crime scene findings and autopsy results. However, in atypical cases, distinguishing between homicide and suicide may be particularly challenging and requires a comprehensive psychopathological and criminological assessment to clarify the circumstances of death and identify possible underlying motives. This study aims to contribute to the differential diagnosis between homicide and suicide in deaths involving sharp-force injuries through a retrospective observational analysis of 60 cases (36 homicides and 24 suicides) that occurred in the provinces of Padua and Venice, Italy, between 1997 and 2025. Using the Psychological Autopsy method, psychopathological and criminological variables were identified, recorded in a dedicated database, and subjected to statistical analysis. The findings provide insights into factors that may facilitate the interpretation of suspicious deaths and the identification of potential motives, thereby supporting forensic investigations and judicial proceedings.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/110731