This thesis investigates the hydrochemistry of the waters of the Euganean Thermal Basin, with particular attention to the spatial distribution of metals and trace elements and to the hydrogeo chemical processes in uencing their mobility. The concentrations of the elements in the samples collected from the di erent areas of the basin were determined through laboratory analyses: in particular, metals were quanti ed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The resulting data were interpreted using Schoeller-Berkalo diagrams and scatter plots, com paring the concentrations with temperature, redox potential (Eh), well depth and distance from the core of the thermal system. Saturation indices with respect to selected mineral phases were also calculated using the PHREEQC software and subsequently related to metal concentrations. The results show good chemical homogeneity among samples belonging to the same area and more marked di erences between di erent localities. The waters of Abano Terme, Monte grotto Terme and Battaglia Terme are generally more highly mineralized, whereas those from peripheral areas show a greater degree of dilution. Among the elements analysed, lithium most clearly preserves the signature of the deep thermal component and of the subsequent mixing with less mineralized waters. The other elements show more complex behaviours, in uenced by redox conditions, water-rock interaction and adsorption, dissolution and precipitation processes. The results also allowed two conceptual mixing models to beproposed: alocalone, relatedto the in ltration of cold waters in the most highly fracturedzones, andaregionalone, characterized by the progressive dilution of thermal waters during their ascent and circulation through the aquifers. Overall, the distribution of metals appears to be controlled by the interaction between deep thermal circulation, mixing and local geochemical processes.
Il presente lavoro di tesi approfondisce il chimismo delle acque del Bacino Termale Euganeo, con particolare attenzione alla distribuzione spaziale dei metalli e degli elementi in traccia e ai processi idrogeochimici che ne in uenzano la mobilità. Le concentrazioni degli elementi nei campioni provenienti dalle diverse aree del bacino sono state determinate mediante analisi di laboratorio: in particolare, i metalli sono stati quanti cati attraverso spettrometria di massa al plasma accoppiato induttivamente (ICP-MS). I dati ottenuti sono stati interpretati mediante diagrammi di Schoeller-Berkalo e diagrammi a dispersione, confrontando le concentrazioni con la temperatura, il potenziale di ossidoriduzione (Eh), la profondità dei pozzi e la distanza dal fulcro del sistema termale. Mediante il software PHREEQC sono stati inoltre calcolati gli indici di saturazione rispetto ad alcune fasi minerali selezionate e successivamente messi in relazione con le concentrazioni dei metalli. I risultati evidenziano una buona omogeneità chimica tra i campioni appartenenti alla stes sa area e di erenze più marcate tra località diverse. Le acque di Abano Terme, Montegrotto Terme e Battaglia Terme risultano generalmente più mineralizzate, mentre quelle delle aree pe riferiche mostrano un maggiore grado di diluizione. Tra gli elementi analizzati, il litio conserva più chiaramente l’impronta della componente termale profonda e del successivo mescolamento con acque meno mineralizzate. Gli altri elementi mostrano comportamenti più complessi, in uenzati dalle condizioni redox, dall’interazione acqua-roccia e dai processi di adsorbimento, dissoluzione e precipitazione. I risultati hanno, inoltre, permesso di proporre due modelli concettuali di mescolamento: uno locale, legato all’in ltrazione di acque fredde nelle zone maggiormente fratturate, e uno regionale, caratterizzato dalla progressiva diluizione delle acque termali durante la risalita e la circolazione negli acquiferi. Nel complesso, la distribuzione dei metalli risulta controllata dall’interazione tra circolazione termale profonda, mescolamento e processi geochimici locali.
Analisi della distribuzione dei metalli nelle acque sotterranee del Bacino Termale Euganeo
DRI, ELIA
2025/2026
Abstract
This thesis investigates the hydrochemistry of the waters of the Euganean Thermal Basin, with particular attention to the spatial distribution of metals and trace elements and to the hydrogeo chemical processes in uencing their mobility. The concentrations of the elements in the samples collected from the di erent areas of the basin were determined through laboratory analyses: in particular, metals were quanti ed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The resulting data were interpreted using Schoeller-Berkalo diagrams and scatter plots, com paring the concentrations with temperature, redox potential (Eh), well depth and distance from the core of the thermal system. Saturation indices with respect to selected mineral phases were also calculated using the PHREEQC software and subsequently related to metal concentrations. The results show good chemical homogeneity among samples belonging to the same area and more marked di erences between di erent localities. The waters of Abano Terme, Monte grotto Terme and Battaglia Terme are generally more highly mineralized, whereas those from peripheral areas show a greater degree of dilution. Among the elements analysed, lithium most clearly preserves the signature of the deep thermal component and of the subsequent mixing with less mineralized waters. The other elements show more complex behaviours, in uenced by redox conditions, water-rock interaction and adsorption, dissolution and precipitation processes. The results also allowed two conceptual mixing models to beproposed: alocalone, relatedto the in ltration of cold waters in the most highly fracturedzones, andaregionalone, characterized by the progressive dilution of thermal waters during their ascent and circulation through the aquifers. Overall, the distribution of metals appears to be controlled by the interaction between deep thermal circulation, mixing and local geochemical processes.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/112373