Introduction: Diabetes management exposes healthcare professionals to a constant relational and emotional burden, triggering the clinical risk of burnout. Within the theoretical framework of the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model, the progression toward well-being or psychological exhaustion is modulated by the interaction between pressing work requirements (Job Demands) and the availability of adequate organizational support (Job Resources). Objective: To empirically investigate the relationship between JD-R model variables and burnout levels in a sample of 238 healthcare professionals belonging to multidisciplinary teams operating in Italian diabetes clinics. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study design was implemented. The survey protocol utilized the Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT) for the dimensional measurement of the syndrome, alongside an ad hoc questionnaire aimed at quantifying the specific JD-R variables unique to the diabetes care setting. Results: Correlation analysis reveals that Job Resources (team support, training, time) act as a primary psychological buffer, showing a significant negative correlation with exhaustion (r=−0.173) and mental distance (r=−0.207). Conversely, Job Demands do not have a significant direct effect on the level of exhaustion in the analyzed sample (p=0.295). Structured time dedicated to Therapeutic Education emerges as a borderline protective factor (p=0.073) against overall burnout. Exploratory variance analyses confirm that burnout is a cross-cutting phenomenon, with no statistically significant differences based on the professional role held within the team or the geographic region of employment. Conclusions: In accordance with the postulates of the JD-R theory, the data demonstrate that burnout in the diabetes care setting is a systemic phenomenon rather than an individual failure. Preventing staff exhaustion imperatively requires a structural reorganization of clinical services to enhance organizational resources, ensuring the availability of protected time and robust relational resources in order to safeguard therapeutic efficacy.
Introduzione: La gestione della patologia diabetica espone i professionisti sanitari a un costante carico relazionale ed emotivo, innescando il rischio clinico di burnout. All'interno della cornice teorica del modello Job Demands-Resources (JD-R), l'evoluzione verso il benessere o il logoramento psicologico è modulata dall'interazione tra le pressanti richieste lavorative (Job Demands) e la disponibilità di adeguate risorse organizzative (Job Resources). Obiettivo: Indagare empiricamente la relazione tra le variabili del modello JD-R e i livelli di burnout in un campione composto da 238 professionisti sanitari appartenenti a team multidisciplinari operanti nelle diabetologie italiane. Materiali e Metodi: È stato implementato un disegno di studio osservazionale trasversale. Il protocollo di indagine ha impiegato il Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT) per la misurazione dimensionale della sindrome e un questionario somministrato ad hoc finalizzato a quantificare le specifiche variabili JD-R peculiari del setting diabetologico. Risultati: L'analisi di correlazione evidenzia che le Job Resources (supporto di team, formazione, tempo) fungono da primario ammortizzatore psicologico, risultando significativamente correlate in modo negativo con l'esaurimento (r=−0.173) e la distanza mentale (r=−0.207). Di contro, le Job Demands non presentano un effetto diretto significativo sul livello di esaurimento nel campione in esame (p=0.295). Il tempo strutturale dedicato all'Educazione Terapeutica emerge come fattore protettivo tendenziale (p=0.073) contro il burnout complessivo. Le indagini esplorative di varianza confermano che il burnout è un fenomeno trasversale, privo di differenze statisticamente significative in base al ruolo professionale ricoperto nell'équipe o alla regione geografica di lavoro. Conclusioni: In accordo con i postulati della teoria JD-R, i dati dimostrano che il burnout in ambito diabetologico è un fenomeno di sistema e non un fallimento individuale. La prevenzione dell'esaurimento del personale richiede imperativamente una riorganizzazione strutturale dei servizi clinici che potenzi le risorse organizzative, garantendo la disponibilità di tempo protetto e solide risorse relazionali al fine di tutelare l'efficacia terapeutica.
Benessere lavorativo e rischio di burnout nei servizi di diabetologia: un'indagine sui professionisti sanitari in Italia
LAGUARDIA, NICOLÒ
2025/2026
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes management exposes healthcare professionals to a constant relational and emotional burden, triggering the clinical risk of burnout. Within the theoretical framework of the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model, the progression toward well-being or psychological exhaustion is modulated by the interaction between pressing work requirements (Job Demands) and the availability of adequate organizational support (Job Resources). Objective: To empirically investigate the relationship between JD-R model variables and burnout levels in a sample of 238 healthcare professionals belonging to multidisciplinary teams operating in Italian diabetes clinics. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study design was implemented. The survey protocol utilized the Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT) for the dimensional measurement of the syndrome, alongside an ad hoc questionnaire aimed at quantifying the specific JD-R variables unique to the diabetes care setting. Results: Correlation analysis reveals that Job Resources (team support, training, time) act as a primary psychological buffer, showing a significant negative correlation with exhaustion (r=−0.173) and mental distance (r=−0.207). Conversely, Job Demands do not have a significant direct effect on the level of exhaustion in the analyzed sample (p=0.295). Structured time dedicated to Therapeutic Education emerges as a borderline protective factor (p=0.073) against overall burnout. Exploratory variance analyses confirm that burnout is a cross-cutting phenomenon, with no statistically significant differences based on the professional role held within the team or the geographic region of employment. Conclusions: In accordance with the postulates of the JD-R theory, the data demonstrate that burnout in the diabetes care setting is a systemic phenomenon rather than an individual failure. Preventing staff exhaustion imperatively requires a structural reorganization of clinical services to enhance organizational resources, ensuring the availability of protected time and robust relational resources in order to safeguard therapeutic efficacy.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/112812