Overweight and obesity are becoming more common all over the world. They are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Physical activity is a useful strategy to prevent and treat excess body weight. Nordic walking is a form of physical activity that is effective and accessible even in sedentary and obese people. The aim of this thesis is to review the effects of nordic walking in overweight and obese individuals. The study examines changes in body composition, metabolic parameters, aerobic and functional capacity, as well as adherence to the training program and quality of life. A review of the scientific literature was conducted using PubMed. The results show that nordic walking leads to reductions in body weight, BMI, and waist circumference, especially in long-term programs. It also reduces fat mass and improves adipose tissue distribution in the body. Regarding metabolic parameters, nordic walking improves glycemic control and lowers blood glucose levels. It also has positive effects on the lipid profile. In addition, it improves aerobic capacity, functional ability, and muscle strength. Although nordic walking increases energy expenditure compared with conventional walking (at a matched speed), it is well tolerated by participants, who typically report lower perceived effort and good adherence to the training program. However, the studies analyzed have some limitations, such as small sample sizes, non standardized protocols, and short intervention periods without long-term follow-up. Considering these limitations, this thesis concludes that nordic walking is an effective, accessible, and sustainable activity for overweight and obese people. However, more studies are needed to obtain more reliable and generalizable results.
Il sovrappeso e l’obesità sono condizioni sempre più diffuse a livello globale. Sono associate ad un aumento del rischio cardiovascolare e a problemi metabolici. L’attività fisica è una strategia utile per prevenire e trattare questo eccesso ponderale e, tra le diverse modalità di esercizio fisico, il nordic walking risulta efficace e accessibile anche per persone sedentarie e obese. L’obiettivo di questo elaborato di tesi è revisionare le evidenze empiriche sugli effetti del nordic walking in persone sovrappeso e obese. Vengono analizzati i cambiamenti riguardanti la composizione corporea, parametri metabolici, capacità aerobica e funzionale, aspetti legati all’aderenza al programma di allenamento e alla qualità della vita. È stata condotta una revisione della letteratura scientifica tramite il motore di ricerca accademico PubMed. I risultati indicano che il nordic walking permette di ridurre la massa corporea, il BMI e la circonferenza vita, soprattutto con interventi di lunga durata. Si riduce la massa grassa e migliora la distribuzione del tessuto adiposo. Per quanto riguarda i parametri metabolici, il nordic walking determina un miglioramento del controllo glicemico e un abbassamento della glicemia. Apporta benefici anche a livello del profilo lipidico. Migliora poi la capacità aerobica, la capacità funzionale e la forza muscolare. Nonostante il maggiore dispendio energetico del nordic walking rispetto al cammino tradizionale (a parità di velocità), il nordic walking è ben tollerato dai partecipanti, che riportano una bassa-moderata percezione individuale dello sforzo e mantengono una buona aderenza al programma di attività. Gli studi scientifici analizzati presentano però alcuni limiti. Nello specifico: numerosità dei campioni ridotta, protocolli non standardizzati e una durata spesso limitata (poche settimane), senza ulteriori follow-up. Il presente elaborato di tesi, tenendo conto dei limiti degli studi analizzati conclude che il nordic walking è un’attività efficace, accessibile e sostenibile per persone sovrappeso e obese. Ovviamente sono necessari studi futuri per avere risultati più generalizzabili e significativi.
Effetti di protocolli di nordic walking su persone sovrappeso e obese: revisione della letteratura
TONELLO, SAMUELE
2025/2026
Abstract
Overweight and obesity are becoming more common all over the world. They are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Physical activity is a useful strategy to prevent and treat excess body weight. Nordic walking is a form of physical activity that is effective and accessible even in sedentary and obese people. The aim of this thesis is to review the effects of nordic walking in overweight and obese individuals. The study examines changes in body composition, metabolic parameters, aerobic and functional capacity, as well as adherence to the training program and quality of life. A review of the scientific literature was conducted using PubMed. The results show that nordic walking leads to reductions in body weight, BMI, and waist circumference, especially in long-term programs. It also reduces fat mass and improves adipose tissue distribution in the body. Regarding metabolic parameters, nordic walking improves glycemic control and lowers blood glucose levels. It also has positive effects on the lipid profile. In addition, it improves aerobic capacity, functional ability, and muscle strength. Although nordic walking increases energy expenditure compared with conventional walking (at a matched speed), it is well tolerated by participants, who typically report lower perceived effort and good adherence to the training program. However, the studies analyzed have some limitations, such as small sample sizes, non standardized protocols, and short intervention periods without long-term follow-up. Considering these limitations, this thesis concludes that nordic walking is an effective, accessible, and sustainable activity for overweight and obese people. However, more studies are needed to obtain more reliable and generalizable results.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/112835