Rethinking Privacy in the Digital Age: Remedies for Unlawful Data Processing

In the digital age, personal data has become one of the most valuable resources. Its increasing collection, processing and transfer have raised concerns particularly regarding the privacy. This thesis will analyse the transformation and the growing strategic value of personal data as well as the opportunities and risks associated with artificial intelligence. The thesis will focus on the technological innovation and the need to safeguard individual rights in an increasingly data-driven environment, reflecting the central role of data protection. Moving from the traditional concept of damages towards a broader understanding of remedies for unlawful data processing, particular attention will be paid to the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). The thesis will further investigate the emerging European approach with the analysis of Case C-507/23. The Chat Control Proposal will then be analysed as a contemporary example of the tension between the protection of privacy and public security. Finally, the research will extend beyond European borders to examine EU-US data transfer.