Antropologia e sistema: la riflessione kantiana sull'uomo tra natura e libertà

The research provides a reflection concerning the legitimacy of a rewriting of Kant's critical philosophy in anthropological terms. Several representatives of Kant-Forschung identify the true focus of his whole critical endeavour in the answer to the question "What is man?" and in the socalled "transcendental anthropology" its appointed location. On the other hand, the Anthropologie in pragmatischer Hinsicht, the anthropology put forward by Kant, does not appear to perform a leading role in these terms. A direct collation with the involved Kantian texts allows to debate the effectiveness of this interpretative process. In fact, the analysis reveals how the question regarding man’s essence does not belong with Kant’s thought. It is rather the problem of the destination (Bestimmung) of man and its feasibility that forms the generative engine of his philosophy – the critical-transcendental one as well as the anthropological-pragmatic one. It requires the solution of a matter whose significance is extraordinary, even from a theoretical point of view: the passage between the kingdom of nature and the kingdom of freedom.