The present work is focused on the elaboration of a numerical simulation able of describing the operation of a syngas production plant starting from lignocellulosic biomass, with particular reference to the pyrolysis reactor and to the thermal cracking chamber used for the abatement of tars. To this end, two simulations were implemented in the Aspen Plus environment, using suitably modified versions of the kinetic schemes of Ranzi et al. (2008) and Chen et al. (2021). Subsequently, the results obtained and the plant data were compared with each other, in order to establish which model was the most accurate in predicting the physics of the system studied. From the comparison between the experimental values and the estimates obtained for the main parameters of the process (composition of the synthesis gas, level of tar abatement, lower calorific value of the gas, CGE of the process), it was possible to conclude that both schemes are sufficiently accurate in describing the behavior of the examined system. A sensitivity analysis was then carried out, with the aim of observing how the aforementioned quantities vary, if there is a different moisture content of the lignocellulosic biomass and different residence time and temperature profiles in the pyrolysis reactor. The study in question was conducted using the Aspen Plus process simulator, while the results were processed using Microsoft Excel and MATLAB. The estimates obtained are in agreement with the experimental evidence reported in the literature as regards the qualitative aspect, while the correctness of the analysis from a quantitative point of view requires performing further tests on the plant studied.
Il presente lavoro si è focalizzato sull’elaborazione di una simulazione numerica capace di descrivere il funzionamento di un impianto di produzione di syngas a partire da biomassa lignocellulosica, con particolare riferimento al reattore di pirolisi e alla camera di cracking termico impiegata per l’abbattimento dei catrami. A tal fine, si sono implementate due simulazioni in ambiente Aspen Plus, utilizzando delle versioni opportunamente modificate degli schemi cinetici di Ranzi et al. (2008) e Chen et al. (2021). Successivamente, si è proceduto a comparare tra loro i risultati conseguiti e i dati di impianto, al fine di stabilire quale fosse il modello più accurato nel predire la fisica del sistema studiato. Dal confronto tra i valori sperimentali e le stime ottenute per le principali grandezze del processo (composizione del gas di sintesi, livello di abbattimento dei catrami, potere calorifico inferiore del gas, CGE del processo), si è potuto concludere che entrambi gli schemi sono sufficientemente accurati nel descrivere il comportamento del sistema esaminato. Si è quindi svolta un’analisi di sensitività, con lo scopo di osservare come variano le grandezze sopra citate, qualora si abbia un diverso contenuto di umidità della biomassa lignocellulosica e differenti profili di tempo di residenza e temperatura nel reattore di pirolisi. Lo studio in questione è stato condotto impiegando il simulatore di processo Aspen Plus, mentre l’elaborazione dei risultati è stata eseguita tramite Microsoft Excel e MATLAB. Le stime ottenute risultano in accordo con le evidenze sperimentali riportate in letteratura per quanto riguarda l’aspetto qualitativo, mentre la correttezza dell’analisi sotto il profilo quantitativo richiede di eseguire ulteriori prove sull’impianto studiato.
Simulazione numerica di un'unità di produzione di syngas mediante pirolisi di biomasse lignocellulosiche e cracking termico per l'abbattimento dei catrami
MASSIGNAN, ELIA
2021/2022
Abstract
The present work is focused on the elaboration of a numerical simulation able of describing the operation of a syngas production plant starting from lignocellulosic biomass, with particular reference to the pyrolysis reactor and to the thermal cracking chamber used for the abatement of tars. To this end, two simulations were implemented in the Aspen Plus environment, using suitably modified versions of the kinetic schemes of Ranzi et al. (2008) and Chen et al. (2021). Subsequently, the results obtained and the plant data were compared with each other, in order to establish which model was the most accurate in predicting the physics of the system studied. From the comparison between the experimental values and the estimates obtained for the main parameters of the process (composition of the synthesis gas, level of tar abatement, lower calorific value of the gas, CGE of the process), it was possible to conclude that both schemes are sufficiently accurate in describing the behavior of the examined system. A sensitivity analysis was then carried out, with the aim of observing how the aforementioned quantities vary, if there is a different moisture content of the lignocellulosic biomass and different residence time and temperature profiles in the pyrolysis reactor. The study in question was conducted using the Aspen Plus process simulator, while the results were processed using Microsoft Excel and MATLAB. The estimates obtained are in agreement with the experimental evidence reported in the literature as regards the qualitative aspect, while the correctness of the analysis from a quantitative point of view requires performing further tests on the plant studied.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/28979