Aging is a complex process, characterized by multiple changes, including those on cognitive and psychological level. The growing phenomenon of aging has led to an increase in the incidence of neurodegenerative disorders such as dementia, where these changes become progressive and worsening, significantly impacting the autonomy of the person. The care of the elderly experiencing pathological aging today falls mainly on family members (informal caregivers) who therefore represent a valuable resource for their care and assistance. It is now clear how taking care of a person with dementia has negative consequences for the caregiver on cognitive, psychological and physical functioning but not only. Caregiving, in fact, could also influence the subjective perception that the caregiver has of his own aging, the awareness of the changes that this brings with it but also of what pathological aging can entail, living it in everyday life. Although there is evidence of how the subjective perception of one's aging is among the individual characteristics that impact cognitive, psychological and well-being, we believe that the relationship, specifically, between this perception and the cognitive functioning of the informal caregiver has not yet been adequately thorough. The objective of the study presented in this paper was to investigate the relationship between the subjective perception of aging and cognitive functioning in older adults with typical aging (non-caregivers) and in informal caregivers of a person with dementia, who therefore, they are experiencing the consequences of pathological aging. In particular, the subjective perception of aging was investigated in terms of felt age and awareness of aging-related changes, while cognitive functioning through a measure of general cognitive functioning, a measure of crystallized intelligence and a measure of working memory. verbal. In line with the literature, differences in cognitive functioning were expected between caregivers and non-caregivers, in favor of the latter, particularly in tests evaluating general cognitive functioning and verbal working memory. It was then explored whether there were differences in the subjective perception of aging, as well as a different pattern of associations between the subjective perception of aging and the performance on the cognitive tests considered, in the two groups. In particular, caregivers were expected to report a worse subjective perception of aging, influenced by the experience of caregiving itself, and that this moreover, had a greater impact on the cognitive performance of caregivers than that of non-caregivers.
L’invecchiamento è un processo complesso, caratterizzato da molteplici cambiamenti, anche a livello cognitivo e psicologico. Il crescente fenomeno dell’invecchiamento ha comportato un aumento dell’incidenza di disturbi neurodegenerativi come la demenza, dove tali cambiamenti divengono progressivi e ingravescenti, impattando notevolmente l’autonomia della persona. La presa in carico dell’anziano che vive un invecchiamento patologico ricade oggi principalmente sui familiari (caregivers informali) che rappresentano quindi una preziosa risorsa per la sua cura e assistenza. È ormai chiaro come prendersi cura di una persona con demenza abbia per il caregiver delle conseguenze negative sul funzionamento cognitivo, psicologico e fisico ma non solo. Il caregiving, infatti, potrebbe influenzare anche la percezione soggettiva che il caregiver ha del proprio invecchiamento, la consapevolezza dei cambiamenti che questo porta con sé ma anche di cosa può comportare un invecchiamento patologico, vivendolo nel quotidiano. Sebbene vi siano evidenze di come la percezione soggettiva del proprio invecchiamento sia tra le caratteristiche individuali che impattano il funzionamento cognitivo, psicologico ed il benessere, crediamo che la relazione, nello specifico, tra tale percezione ed il funzionamento cognitivo del caregiver informale non sia stata ancora adeguatamente approfondita. L’obiettivo dello studio presentato nel presente elaborato è stato quello di indagare la relazione tra la percezione soggettiva dell’invecchiamento ed il funzionamento cognitivo in adulti-anziani con invecchiamento tipico (non-caregivers) ed in caregivers informali di una persona con demenza, che stanno facendo esperienza, quindi, delle conseguenze dell’invecchiamento patologico. In particolare, la percezione soggettiva dell’invecchiamento è stata indagata in termini di età percepita e consapevolezza dei cambiamenti correlati all’invecchiamento, mentre il funzionamento cognitivo tramite una misura di funzionamento cognitivo generale, una misura di intelligenza cristallizzata e una misura di memoria di lavoro verbale. In linea con la letteratura, ci si aspettavano differenze nel funzionamento cognitivo tra caregivers e non-caregivers, a favore di questi ultimi, in particolare nelle prove che valutano il funzionamento cognitivo generale e la memoria di lavoro verbale. È stato poi esplorato se vi fossero differenze nella percezione soggettiva dell’invecchiamento, così come un diverso pattern di associazioni tra quest’ultima e le prestazioni alle prove cognitive considerate, nei due gruppi. Ci si aspettava, in particolare, che i caregivers riportassero una peggiore percezione soggettiva dell’invecchiamento, influenzata dal vissuto del caregiving stesso, e che questa, inoltre, avesse un maggior impatto sulla prestazione cognitiva dei caregivers rispetto a quella dei non-caregivers.
Percezione soggettiva dell'invecchiamento e funzionamento cognitivo in adulti-anziani: un confronto tra caregivers informali -di una persona con demenza- e non.
BROCCOLI, MARTINA
2021/2022
Abstract
Aging is a complex process, characterized by multiple changes, including those on cognitive and psychological level. The growing phenomenon of aging has led to an increase in the incidence of neurodegenerative disorders such as dementia, where these changes become progressive and worsening, significantly impacting the autonomy of the person. The care of the elderly experiencing pathological aging today falls mainly on family members (informal caregivers) who therefore represent a valuable resource for their care and assistance. It is now clear how taking care of a person with dementia has negative consequences for the caregiver on cognitive, psychological and physical functioning but not only. Caregiving, in fact, could also influence the subjective perception that the caregiver has of his own aging, the awareness of the changes that this brings with it but also of what pathological aging can entail, living it in everyday life. Although there is evidence of how the subjective perception of one's aging is among the individual characteristics that impact cognitive, psychological and well-being, we believe that the relationship, specifically, between this perception and the cognitive functioning of the informal caregiver has not yet been adequately thorough. The objective of the study presented in this paper was to investigate the relationship between the subjective perception of aging and cognitive functioning in older adults with typical aging (non-caregivers) and in informal caregivers of a person with dementia, who therefore, they are experiencing the consequences of pathological aging. In particular, the subjective perception of aging was investigated in terms of felt age and awareness of aging-related changes, while cognitive functioning through a measure of general cognitive functioning, a measure of crystallized intelligence and a measure of working memory. verbal. In line with the literature, differences in cognitive functioning were expected between caregivers and non-caregivers, in favor of the latter, particularly in tests evaluating general cognitive functioning and verbal working memory. It was then explored whether there were differences in the subjective perception of aging, as well as a different pattern of associations between the subjective perception of aging and the performance on the cognitive tests considered, in the two groups. In particular, caregivers were expected to report a worse subjective perception of aging, influenced by the experience of caregiving itself, and that this moreover, had a greater impact on the cognitive performance of caregivers than that of non-caregivers.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/31139