In Arabidopsis thaliana, mutants for the gene of the mitochondrial-DNA binding protein Whirly2 (WHY2) display misshapen mitochondria and mispacked mitochondrial DNA, as well as a reduced seed germination rate. No obvious phenotype can be observed during vegetative growth and mature plants in in normal condition. However, increased seedling growth was shown in overexpression mutants for WHY2 under drought stress and preliminary results suggested that why2 mutants may be more sensitive to salt stress. Here we study different aspects of the knock-out mutant, the first of which being the effects of salt stress during germination of seeds and upon expression of salt-regulated genes. We also try to better understand the observed phenotypes by studying the nutrient content of the mutant as well as the signalization of stress and ATP production of that mutant using a FRET-based ATP-sensor. We also interest ourselves in the role of Whirly2 in mitochondrion, by studying whether the deletion of that protein modifies the expression of genes implicated in mitochondrion morphology, as well as the actual localization and re-localization of Whirly2 in the cell with or in absence of salt. Indeed, along with mitochondria, Whirly2 is supposed to be targeted to the chloroplast, but this has never been observed in vivo. This work will give a better understanding of the different proprieties of the Whirly2 protein and its importance in organelles function and shape. It will be a key in plus to develop the nascent hypothesis on the role of Whirly2 in retrograde signaling.
In Arabidopsis thaliana, mutanti per il gene della proteina Whirly2 (WHY2), che si lega al DNA mitocondriale, presentano mitocondri anomali, una compattazione anomala del mtDNA, così come una riduzione del tasso di germinazione dei semi. In condizioni standard di crescita, non si osserva nessun evidente fenotipo, sia durante la crescita vegetativa che nella pianta matura. Ciononostante, è sato visto che la sopraespressione di WHY2 induce una certa resistenza alla carenza idrica, e dati preliminari suggeriscono che i mutanti why2 potrebbero essere più sensibili allo stress salino. In questo lavoro studiamo diversi aspetti del mutante knock-out, ed al primo posto gli effetti del sale sulla germinazione dei semi e sull’espressione di alcuni geni regolati dal sale. Proviamo inoltre a capire meglio i fenotipi osservati studiando il contento in nutrienti del mutante, così come il signaling dello stress e la produzione dell’ATP usando un sensore basato sul meccanismo FRET. Ci interessiamo anche al ruolo di Whirly2 nel mitocondrio e studiamo se la delezione di questa proteina modifichi l’espressione di geni implicati nella morfologia del mitocondrio, così come la localizzazione reale della proteina oltre alla sua rilocalizzazione eventuale in risposta al sale. Infatti, si ritiene che Whirly2 possa essere localizzato nel cloroplasto oltre che nel mitocondrio, tuttavia questo non è mai stato visto in vivo. Questo lavoro darà una migliora comprensione delle diverse proprietà della proteina Whirly2 e della sua importanza nella funzionalità e la morfologia degli organelli. Sarà una chiave in più per sviluppare l’ipotesi che sta nascendo del ruolo di Whirly2 nel retrograde signaling.
The mitochondrial DNA binding protein Whirly2 is involved in salt stress resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana
DEVILLARS, AURELIEN
2021/2022
Abstract
In Arabidopsis thaliana, mutants for the gene of the mitochondrial-DNA binding protein Whirly2 (WHY2) display misshapen mitochondria and mispacked mitochondrial DNA, as well as a reduced seed germination rate. No obvious phenotype can be observed during vegetative growth and mature plants in in normal condition. However, increased seedling growth was shown in overexpression mutants for WHY2 under drought stress and preliminary results suggested that why2 mutants may be more sensitive to salt stress. Here we study different aspects of the knock-out mutant, the first of which being the effects of salt stress during germination of seeds and upon expression of salt-regulated genes. We also try to better understand the observed phenotypes by studying the nutrient content of the mutant as well as the signalization of stress and ATP production of that mutant using a FRET-based ATP-sensor. We also interest ourselves in the role of Whirly2 in mitochondrion, by studying whether the deletion of that protein modifies the expression of genes implicated in mitochondrion morphology, as well as the actual localization and re-localization of Whirly2 in the cell with or in absence of salt. Indeed, along with mitochondria, Whirly2 is supposed to be targeted to the chloroplast, but this has never been observed in vivo. This work will give a better understanding of the different proprieties of the Whirly2 protein and its importance in organelles function and shape. It will be a key in plus to develop the nascent hypothesis on the role of Whirly2 in retrograde signaling.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/32630