Recent literature in the field of neuropsychology unanimously reports that cognitive reserve can act as a protective factor for cognitive decline, which is often associated with neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease. However, the role of cognitive reserve vis-à-vis other symptoms of this disease, such as affective disorders, remains poorly explored. The purpose of this thesis is therefore to contribute to overcoming this limitation by investigating the role of cognitive reserve in the manifestation of symptoms of anxiety and depression in Parkinson's disease. To achieve this aim, the presence of significant associations between years of schooling, "proxy" index of cognitive reserve, and scores on the standardized Beck Depression Inventory (BDI II), Stait-Trait Anxiety Inventory Form Y tests, both in a sample of 13 patients with Parkinson's disease evaluated at the San Camillo Hospital IRCCS and in the database of the multicenter longitudinal Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) study of the Michael J. Fox Foundation, was assessed. The results showed that the level of schooling appears to play the role of a significant predictor of both state and trait anxiety and depression. Specifically, a negative relationship was found between schooling and the above dependent variables, that is, as years of schooling increase, the levels of state anxiety, trait anxiety and depression tend to decrease. The results of this work, although they will need to be accompanied by future research, contribute to the collection of new evidence in favor of considering cognitive reserve as a protective factor at multiple levels, both cognitive and noncognitive.
La letteratura recente in ambito neuropsicologico riferisce in maniera concorde che la riserva cognitiva può fungere da fattore protettivo per il declino cognitivo, spesso associato a patologie neurodegenerative come la malattia di Parkinson. Resta, però, ancora poco esplorato il ruolo della riserva cognitiva nei confronti degli altri sintomi di questa patologia, come i disturbi affettivi. Lo scopo di questa tesi è quindi quello di contribuire al superamento di questo limite, indagando il ruolo della riserva cognitiva nella manifestazione di sintomi di ansia e depressione nella malattia di Parkinson. Per raggiungere questo scopo, è stata valutata la presenza di associazioni significative tra anni di scolarità, indice “proxy” di riserva cognitiva, e punteggi ai test standardizzati Beck Depression Inventory (BDI II), Stait-Trait Anxiety Inventory Form Y, sia in un campione di 13 pazienti con malattia di Parkinson, valutati presso l’Ospedale San Camillo IRCCS, che nel database dello studio multicentrico longitudinale Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI), della Michael J. Fox Foundation. I risultati hanno mostrato che il livello di scolarità sembra svolgere il ruolo di predittore significativo sia dell’ansia di stato e dell’ansia di tratto, sia della depressione. In particolare, si è trovata una relazione negativa tra la scolarità e le sopracitate variabili dipendenti, ovvero all’aumentare degli anni di scolarità, i livelli dell’ansia di stato, ansia di tratto e depressione tendono a diminuire. I risultati di questo lavoro, seppur dovranno essere accompagnati da future ricerche, contribuiscono alla raccolta di nuove evidenze a favore della considerazione della riserva cognitiva come un fattore protettivo a più livelli, sia cognitivi che non cognitivi.
Sintomatologia ansiosa e depressiva nella malattia di Parkinson: un’indagine sulla riserva cognitiva
DENTI, MARTINA
2021/2022
Abstract
Recent literature in the field of neuropsychology unanimously reports that cognitive reserve can act as a protective factor for cognitive decline, which is often associated with neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease. However, the role of cognitive reserve vis-à-vis other symptoms of this disease, such as affective disorders, remains poorly explored. The purpose of this thesis is therefore to contribute to overcoming this limitation by investigating the role of cognitive reserve in the manifestation of symptoms of anxiety and depression in Parkinson's disease. To achieve this aim, the presence of significant associations between years of schooling, "proxy" index of cognitive reserve, and scores on the standardized Beck Depression Inventory (BDI II), Stait-Trait Anxiety Inventory Form Y tests, both in a sample of 13 patients with Parkinson's disease evaluated at the San Camillo Hospital IRCCS and in the database of the multicenter longitudinal Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) study of the Michael J. Fox Foundation, was assessed. The results showed that the level of schooling appears to play the role of a significant predictor of both state and trait anxiety and depression. Specifically, a negative relationship was found between schooling and the above dependent variables, that is, as years of schooling increase, the levels of state anxiety, trait anxiety and depression tend to decrease. The results of this work, although they will need to be accompanied by future research, contribute to the collection of new evidence in favor of considering cognitive reserve as a protective factor at multiple levels, both cognitive and noncognitive.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/36616