Regarding the perception and processing of time, numbers and lengths, the literature of recent decades presents both evidence in favor of the existence of similarities and differences in these processes. On one hand, it has been hypothesized that there might be, from birth, a common cognitive and neural system underlying the processing of different quantities (Walsh, 2003); so that information regarding space and time can be drawn in order to construct a representation of the external environment. On the other hand, a theoretical perspective of evolution and dissociation of processing mechanisms was proposed. Our project "How do we process quantities?" set out to test this scenario by conducting two studies: the first (study 1) compared the behavioral performance to a bisection task of healthy young and elderly subjects; while the second (study 2) involved administering the same task and comparing the performance between healthy participants and patients with Parkinson's disease. The bisection task actually consisted of three separate conditions for the bisection of time, number, and lengths: in each, participants were asked to judge whether the presented stimuli were similar to the standards (long/many or short/few), memorized in the previous familiarization phase. The findings showed a different degree of sensitivity in the perception and estimation of the different quantities and also in the different groups considered: in fact, the results showed greater variability in responses and lower accuracy of performance in reference to temporal stimuli than to the other quantities (length and number). These data were more pronounced in the group of healthy elderly compared to the young one (study 1) and, even more so, in the group of Parkinson's patients compared to the healthy participants (study 2). This significant variation of performance, therefore, supports the idea that there may be mechanisms, partially independent, responsible for processing duration, numerosity and length.
In riferimento a percezione ed elaborazione di tempo, numeri e lunghezze, la letteratura degli ultimi decenni presenta sia evidenze a favore dell’esistenza di analogie sia di differenze in questi processi. Da una parte, si è ipotizzato che potesse essere presente, sin dalla nascita, un comune sistema cognitivo e neurale alla base dell’elaborazione di diverse quantità (Walsh, 2003); così da permettere di trarre informazioni riguardo spazio e tempo in modo da costruirsi una rappresentazione dell’ambiente esterno. Dall’altra, si è proposta una prospettiva teorica di evoluzione e dissociazione dei meccanismi di elaborazione. Il nostro progetto “Come elaboriamo le quantità?” si è proposto di verificare tale scenario, mediante la realizzazione di due studi: il primo (studio 1) ha confrontato le performance comportamentali a un compito di bisezione di giovani e anziani sani; mentre il secondo (studio 2) prevedeva la somministrazione dello stesso compito e il confronto delle performance tra partecipanti sani e pazienti con Malattia di Parkinson. Il compito di bisezione, in realtà, era costituito da tre condizioni distinte per la bisezione di tempo, numero e lunghezze: in ciascuna, veniva richiesto ai partecipanti di classificare gli stimoli presentati in base agli standard (lungo/molti o breve/pochi), appresi nella precedente fase di familiarizzazione. Le conclusioni hanno evidenziato un grado di sensibilità diverso nella percezione e stima delle diverse grandezze e anche nei diversi gruppi considerati: infatti, i risultati hanno mostrato una maggiore variabilità nelle risposte e minore accuratezza di performance in riferimento a stimoli temporali rispetto alle altre due grandezze (lunghezza e numero). Questi dati sono stati più evidenti nel gruppo di anziani sani rispetto ai giovani (studio 1) e, ancora di più, nel gruppo di pazienti con Parkinson rispetto al gruppo di controllo(studio 2). Questa variazione significativa di performance, pertanto, potrebbe supportare l'idea di esistenza di meccanismi di elaborazione parzialmente indipendenti.
Come elaboriamo le quantità? Differenze e analogie tra giovani, anziani e pazienti con Malattia di Parkinson
CERULLO, GRAZIA
2021/2022
Abstract
Regarding the perception and processing of time, numbers and lengths, the literature of recent decades presents both evidence in favor of the existence of similarities and differences in these processes. On one hand, it has been hypothesized that there might be, from birth, a common cognitive and neural system underlying the processing of different quantities (Walsh, 2003); so that information regarding space and time can be drawn in order to construct a representation of the external environment. On the other hand, a theoretical perspective of evolution and dissociation of processing mechanisms was proposed. Our project "How do we process quantities?" set out to test this scenario by conducting two studies: the first (study 1) compared the behavioral performance to a bisection task of healthy young and elderly subjects; while the second (study 2) involved administering the same task and comparing the performance between healthy participants and patients with Parkinson's disease. The bisection task actually consisted of three separate conditions for the bisection of time, number, and lengths: in each, participants were asked to judge whether the presented stimuli were similar to the standards (long/many or short/few), memorized in the previous familiarization phase. The findings showed a different degree of sensitivity in the perception and estimation of the different quantities and also in the different groups considered: in fact, the results showed greater variability in responses and lower accuracy of performance in reference to temporal stimuli than to the other quantities (length and number). These data were more pronounced in the group of healthy elderly compared to the young one (study 1) and, even more so, in the group of Parkinson's patients compared to the healthy participants (study 2). This significant variation of performance, therefore, supports the idea that there may be mechanisms, partially independent, responsible for processing duration, numerosity and length.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/37021