Terpenoids are playing a major role in agriculture, given their fungicidal and herbicidal action, as well as their favorable toxicological, ecotoxicological and environmental profile. Despite all these advantages, terpenoids are reported of being instable due to direct sunlight and atmospheric conditions, so that both commercial suppliers and scientific literature foresee their protection by encapsulation. This thesis is therefore dedicated to determining whether, and to what extent, terpenoids photoprotection against UV light degradation is needed, and which are the strategies to make it more effective. The terpenoids under consideration were eugenol, thymol and geraniol. Increasingly more sophisticated encapsulations were designed and prepared in order to provide a gradually more opaque covering shell, starting from a surfactant (soybean lecithin) to a complex shell made of gold nanostars covered with chitosan. Confocal micro-Raman was used to provide a deep morphological description of the terpenoids capsules before and after a prolonged UV irradiation. The results of this study shade new lights on the photo-instability of the terpenoids under investigation, that were proved of being much more resistant than expected.
I terpenoidi svolgono un ruolo importante in agricoltura, data la loro azione fungicida ed erbicida, nonché il loro favorevole profilo tossicologico, ecotossicologico e ambientale. Nonostante tutti questi vantaggi, i terpenoidi sono segnalati come instabili a causa dell’azione della luce solare diretta e delle condizioni atmosferiche, tanto che i fornitori commerciali e la letteratura scientifica ne prevedono la protezione mediante incapsulamento. Questa tesi è quindi dedicata a stabilire se, e in che misura, la fotoprotezione dei terpenoidi contro la degradazione dei raggi UV è necessaria, e quali sono le strategie per renderla più efficace. I terpenoidi presi in considerazione sono eugenolo, timolo e geraniolo. Sono state progettate e preparate incapsulazioni sempre più sofisticate per fornire un involucro di copertura gradualmente più opaco, partendo da un tensioattivo (lecitina di soia) fino a un involucro complesso costituito da nanostar di oro ricoperte di chitosano. Il micro-Raman confocale è stato utilizzato per fornire una descrizione morfologica approfondita delle capsule di terpenoidi prima e dopo averle irradiate a lungo con una sorgente UV. I risultati di questo studio gettano nuove luci sulla fotoinstabilità dei terpenoidi in esame, che si sono dimostrati molto più resistenti del previsto.
Studio della fotodegradazione di terpeni incapsulati mediante spettroscopia Raman
CARDONI, FRANCESCO
2021/2022
Abstract
Terpenoids are playing a major role in agriculture, given their fungicidal and herbicidal action, as well as their favorable toxicological, ecotoxicological and environmental profile. Despite all these advantages, terpenoids are reported of being instable due to direct sunlight and atmospheric conditions, so that both commercial suppliers and scientific literature foresee their protection by encapsulation. This thesis is therefore dedicated to determining whether, and to what extent, terpenoids photoprotection against UV light degradation is needed, and which are the strategies to make it more effective. The terpenoids under consideration were eugenol, thymol and geraniol. Increasingly more sophisticated encapsulations were designed and prepared in order to provide a gradually more opaque covering shell, starting from a surfactant (soybean lecithin) to a complex shell made of gold nanostars covered with chitosan. Confocal micro-Raman was used to provide a deep morphological description of the terpenoids capsules before and after a prolonged UV irradiation. The results of this study shade new lights on the photo-instability of the terpenoids under investigation, that were proved of being much more resistant than expected.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/37082