Economic efficiency and wealth prospects in the global network of countries

In recent years, the integration of physics into the economic field has proven to supply a deeper understanding of the complex web of interactions between the countries and the global markets, leading to a substantial development of the Econophysics branch of research. This work provides a contribution in this context through the characterization of the quantitative nexus which links the economic growth of the countries to the evolution over time of their trades and to the overall diversification of their commercial activity. The global trade system is effectively represented by a bipartite network, whose properties are investigated by means of a dynamic model consisting in a set of coupled stochastic differential equations and of a set of complexity measures derived from the celebrated Shannon's entropy function. The unification of these two methods of analysis provides a measure of the economic efficiency of the countries and leads to the realization of meaningful assessments of their wealth prospects. From the practical point of view, the theoretical models are implemented through proper Python and C++ codes.