This thesis proposes a new method to estimate the absolute proper motion of the ultra-faint dwarf galaxy (UFD) Bootes I. While previous proper-motion determinations were based either on background galaxies and quasars or on the GAIA absolute motions of UFD stars alone, here, I propose a novel approach to derive improved proper motions, by combining relative proper motions from multi-epoch Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images and absolute proper motions of both UFD members and field stars from GAIA Early Data Release 3 (eDR3). The thesis provides a short review of dwarf galaxies, and in particular of UFDs, which are low-luminosity galaxies dominated by dark matter. By exploiting multi-epoch images collected with the Wide Field Channel of the Advanced Camera for Surveys on board HST, I was able to derive high-precision photometry and astrometry of stars in the direction of Bootes I. Moreover, I derived accurate stellar proper motions relative to Bootes I, and used them to separate the bulk of Bootes I members from field stars. The absolute proper motion of the UFD is then derived by combining the relative proper motions from HST and the absolute GAIA eDR3 proper motions for the stars in common between the two astro-photometric datasets. I show that our new method provides improved proper motion determinations when compared to results obtained with traditional methods and by using proper motions from GAIA eDR3 Bootes I stars in the same field of view. As a byproduct of this work, I derived for the first time, the color-magnitude diagram (CMD) of proper-motion selected Bootes I stars. This diagram is used to infer the main parameters of this UFD, including metallicity, age, reddening, and distance by means of isochrone fitting. Finally, by combining the 6-dimensional information on the position, i.e. right ascension, declination and distance, and motion, i.e. proper motions and radial velocity, I determined the orbit of Bootes I and its orbital properties.
Questa tesi propone un nuovo metodo per stimare il moto proprio assoluto della galassia nana ultra debole (UFD) Bootes I. Mentre le precedenti determinazioni del moto proprio erano basate su galassie e quasar di fondo o solo sui moti assoluti GAIA delle stelle UFD, qui propongo un nuovo approccio per derivare moti propri migliorati, combinando i moti propri relativi dal telescopio spaziale Hubble multi-epoca (HST) e moti propri assoluti sia dei membri dell'UFD che delle stelle di campo da GAIA Early Data Release 3 (eDR3). La tesi fornisce una breve rassegna delle galassie nane, e in particolare delle UFD, che sono galassie a bassa luminosità dominate dalla materia oscura. Sfruttando le immagini multi-epoca raccolte con il Wide Field Channel della Advanced Camera for Surveys a bordo dell'HST, sono stato in grado di derivare la fotometria e l'astrometria ad alta precisione delle stelle in direzione di Bootes I. Inoltre, ho derivato moti propri stellari accurati rispetto a Bootes I, e li ha usati per separare la maggior parte dei membri di Bootes I dalle stelle di campo. Il moto proprio assoluto dell'UFD viene quindi derivato combinando i moti propri relativi da HST e i moti propri assoluti GAIA eDR3 per le stelle in comune tra i due set di dati astrofotometrici. Dimostro che il nostro nuovo metodo fornisce migliori determinazioni del moto proprio rispetto ai risultati ottenuti con i metodi tradizionali e utilizzando i movimenti propri delle stelle GAIA eDR3 Bootes I nello stesso campo visivo. Come sottoprodotto di questo lavoro, ho derivato per la prima volta il diagramma colore-magnitudine (CMD) di stelle Bootes I selezionate di moto proprio. Questo diagramma viene utilizzato per dedurre i parametri principali di questo UFD, tra cui metallicità, età, arrossamento e distanza mediante adattamento isocrono. Infine, combinando le informazioni a 6 dimensioni sulla posizione, cioè ascensione retta, declinazione e distanza, e moto, cioè moti propri e velocità radiale, ho determinato l'orbita di Bootes I e le sue proprietà orbitali.
Photometry and proper motions of Milky-Way satellites with the Hubble Space Telescope
TROIA, ANDREA
2021/2022
Abstract
This thesis proposes a new method to estimate the absolute proper motion of the ultra-faint dwarf galaxy (UFD) Bootes I. While previous proper-motion determinations were based either on background galaxies and quasars or on the GAIA absolute motions of UFD stars alone, here, I propose a novel approach to derive improved proper motions, by combining relative proper motions from multi-epoch Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images and absolute proper motions of both UFD members and field stars from GAIA Early Data Release 3 (eDR3). The thesis provides a short review of dwarf galaxies, and in particular of UFDs, which are low-luminosity galaxies dominated by dark matter. By exploiting multi-epoch images collected with the Wide Field Channel of the Advanced Camera for Surveys on board HST, I was able to derive high-precision photometry and astrometry of stars in the direction of Bootes I. Moreover, I derived accurate stellar proper motions relative to Bootes I, and used them to separate the bulk of Bootes I members from field stars. The absolute proper motion of the UFD is then derived by combining the relative proper motions from HST and the absolute GAIA eDR3 proper motions for the stars in common between the two astro-photometric datasets. I show that our new method provides improved proper motion determinations when compared to results obtained with traditional methods and by using proper motions from GAIA eDR3 Bootes I stars in the same field of view. As a byproduct of this work, I derived for the first time, the color-magnitude diagram (CMD) of proper-motion selected Bootes I stars. This diagram is used to infer the main parameters of this UFD, including metallicity, age, reddening, and distance by means of isochrone fitting. Finally, by combining the 6-dimensional information on the position, i.e. right ascension, declination and distance, and motion, i.e. proper motions and radial velocity, I determined the orbit of Bootes I and its orbital properties.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/41718