Crosslinked hyaluronan dermal fillers are among the most popular non-surgical procedures used worldwide for facial and soft tissue rejuvenation. Given the strong market interest, many manufacturers offer a wide range of technologies to obtain hydrogels, claiming diverse impacts on the final properties. Among these, the rheological behaviour of the hydrogel is one of the most important characteristic to predict the in-vivo effects. However, many other properties of the fillers, such as cohesivity, swelling factor, soluble fraction and concentration are still under clinical investigation because their correlation with in-vivo performances is not completely understood. In this project, a comparative process study for the production of crosslinked hyaluronan dermal fillers and characterization of physicochemical properties were assessed. In comparison with a standard procedure developed at Fidia Farmaceutici S.p.A., the impact of process parameters on product characteristics was investigated. Specifically, with a parameter study based on a “one-factor-at-a-time” evaluation, the following variables were studied: hyaluronan concentration and molecular weight (and combinations of these), degree of crosslinking, mixing system, multiple addition of reagents, filtration. Moreover, the synthesis was further investigated in presence of organic solvents and different crosslinking agents in order to explore the effects of different reaction conditions and reagents. To assess the impact of these variables, the final products were characterized studying rheological parameters, swelling factor, degree of crosslinking, cohesivity, particle size and soluble fraction. Finally, biological characterization of selected hydrogels was performed by means of cytotoxicity, proliferation and collagen I expression assays.
I filler dermici di acido ialuronico reticolato sono tra le più popolari pratiche non chirurgiche utilizzate in tutto il mondo per il ringiovanimento del viso e del tessuto molle. Dato il forte interesse di mercato, molti produttori offrono una vasta gamma di tecnologie per ottenere questi idrogel, rivendicandone impatti diversi sulle proprietà finali. Tra questi, il comportamento reologico dell’idrogel è una delle caratteristiche più importanti che ci permettono di predire gli effetti in vivo. Tuttavia, molte altre proprietà dei filler, come coesività, fattore di rigonfiamento, frazione solubile e concentrazione sono ancora sotto investigazione clinica, perché la loro correlazione con le loro prestazioni in vivo non è totalmente chiara. In questo progetto è stato effettuato uno studio comparativo di processo per la produzione di filler dermici di acido ialuronico reticolato, e i prodotti ottenuti sono stati caratterizzati. Utilizzando come protocollo standard una procedura sviluppata a Fidia Farmaceutici S.p.A., è stato investigato l’impatto dei parametri di processo sulle caratteristiche del prodotto. Nello specifico, con uno studio di parametro che sfrutta una valutazione di “un fattore alla volta”, sono state studiate le seguenti variabili: concentrazione e peso molecolare (e combinazioni di questi ultimi) dell’acido ialuronico, grado di reticolazione, miscelazione, aggiunta multipla di reagenti, filtrazione. Inoltre, la sintesi è stata anche studiata in presenza di solventi organici e diversi agenti reticolanti per esplorare l’effetto di reagenti e condizioni di reazione differenti. Per valutare l’effetto di queste variabili, i prodotti finali sono stati caratterizzati studiando i parametri reologici, il fattore di rigonfiamento, il grado di sostituzione, la coesività, la dimensione particellare e la frazione solubile. Infine alcuni idrogel sono stati selezionati per la caratterizzazione biologica, dove sono state valutate la citotossicità, la proliferazione e l’espressione di collagene I.
Comparative study on crosslinking processes and physical-chemical characterization of hyaluronan dermal fillers
SALVAGNINI, CECILIA
2021/2022
Abstract
Crosslinked hyaluronan dermal fillers are among the most popular non-surgical procedures used worldwide for facial and soft tissue rejuvenation. Given the strong market interest, many manufacturers offer a wide range of technologies to obtain hydrogels, claiming diverse impacts on the final properties. Among these, the rheological behaviour of the hydrogel is one of the most important characteristic to predict the in-vivo effects. However, many other properties of the fillers, such as cohesivity, swelling factor, soluble fraction and concentration are still under clinical investigation because their correlation with in-vivo performances is not completely understood. In this project, a comparative process study for the production of crosslinked hyaluronan dermal fillers and characterization of physicochemical properties were assessed. In comparison with a standard procedure developed at Fidia Farmaceutici S.p.A., the impact of process parameters on product characteristics was investigated. Specifically, with a parameter study based on a “one-factor-at-a-time” evaluation, the following variables were studied: hyaluronan concentration and molecular weight (and combinations of these), degree of crosslinking, mixing system, multiple addition of reagents, filtration. Moreover, the synthesis was further investigated in presence of organic solvents and different crosslinking agents in order to explore the effects of different reaction conditions and reagents. To assess the impact of these variables, the final products were characterized studying rheological parameters, swelling factor, degree of crosslinking, cohesivity, particle size and soluble fraction. Finally, biological characterization of selected hydrogels was performed by means of cytotoxicity, proliferation and collagen I expression assays.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/41860