Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. To date, there is no cure for this disease, but the combination of a pharmacological approach with non-pharmacological strategies can lead to a decrease in the number of relapses and improve many aspects of the patient's quality of life. In this context, there is strong evidence of the positive role played by moderate-intensity exercise in improving symptoms and reducing cardiovascular risk. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a high-intensity aerobic and strength programs for patients diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis with low to moderate disability. MATERIALS AND METHODS A search in the PubMed and Scopus databases was performed in September 2022 using appropriate keywords and related Mesh terms. Articles were included in the review if they were written in English, if a high-intensity intervention programs was applied and if there was a diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis with a mean EDSS scale value between 0.5 and 6.5. RESULTS At the end of the search, 4 articles were included in this review for high-intensity aerobic training and 4 for high-intensity strength training. The studies with an aerobic protocol were applied in the form of High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT), while for strength training, Progressive Resistance Trsining (PRT) programs were proposed. All articles except one, reported improvements in at least one of the outcomes considered. Furthermore, no exacerbations of symptoms were recorded during the intervention period and the subjects maintained high adherence to the intervention programs. CONCLUSIONS HIIT and PRT would appear to be safe and effective interventions for patients with Multiple Sclerosis with low to moderate disability. Future research should focus on evaluating the role of these intervention programs in individuals with higher levels of disability.
PRESUPPOSTO DELLO STUDIO La Sclerosi Multipla (SM) è una patologia infiammatoria cronica del Sistema Nervoso Centrale. Ad oggi non esistono cure per questa malattia, ma il giusto approccio farmacologico associato a delle strategie non farmacologiche è in grado di ridurre il numero di recidive e di migliorare numerosi aspetti nella qualità della vita del paziente. In questo contesto è alta l’evidenza del ruolo positivo rivestito dall’esercizio fisico ad intensità moderata sul miglioramento dei sintomi e sulla riduzione del rischio cardiovascolare. OBIETTIVO Questa revisione della letteratura ha lo scopo di valutare la sicurezza, l’aderenza e l’efficacia sui sintomi, di un programma di esercizio fisico ad alta intensità, sia aerobico che di forza, in pazienti affetti da Sclerosi Multipla che presentano una disabilità da lieve a moderata. MATERIALI E METODI Una ricerca sulle banche dati di PubMed e Scopus è stata eseguita a settembre 2022 utilizzando parole chiave appropriate e relativi termini Mesh. Gli articoli sono stati inclusi nella revisione se scritti in lingua inglese, se veniva applicato un programma di intervento ad alta intensità e se c’era una diagnosi di Sclerosi Multipla con valore medio di scala EDSS compreso fra 0,5 e 6,5. RISULTATI Alla fine della ricerca sono stati inclusi in questa disamina della letteratura 4 articoli per quanto riguarda l’allenamento aerobico ad alta intensità e 4 pubblicazioni per l’intervento di forza ad alta intensità. Gli studi con un protocollo aerobico sono stati erogati sotto la forma di High Intensitive Interval Training (HIIT), mentre per quanto concerne la forza sono stati proposti tutti programmi di Progressive Resistance Training (PRT). Tutti gli articoli inclusi tranne uno, hanno riportato dei miglioramenti in almeno uno degli outcomes presi in considerazione. Durante il periodo di intervento, inoltre, non sono state registrate esacerbazioni dei sintomi e i soggetti hanno mantenuto un’elevata aderenza ai programmi di intervento. CONCLUSIONI L’HIIT e il PRT sembrerebbero essere interventi sicuri ed efficaci per i pazienti con Sclerosi Multipla che presentano una disabilità da bassa a moderata. In futuro le ricerche dovrebbero concentrarsi sul valutare il ruolo di questi programmi di intervento in soggetti con livelli di disabilità più elevati.
Esercizio fisico ad alta intensità in soggetti con Sclerosi Multipla
DE SALVADOR, NICOLE
2021/2022
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. To date, there is no cure for this disease, but the combination of a pharmacological approach with non-pharmacological strategies can lead to a decrease in the number of relapses and improve many aspects of the patient's quality of life. In this context, there is strong evidence of the positive role played by moderate-intensity exercise in improving symptoms and reducing cardiovascular risk. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a high-intensity aerobic and strength programs for patients diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis with low to moderate disability. MATERIALS AND METHODS A search in the PubMed and Scopus databases was performed in September 2022 using appropriate keywords and related Mesh terms. Articles were included in the review if they were written in English, if a high-intensity intervention programs was applied and if there was a diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis with a mean EDSS scale value between 0.5 and 6.5. RESULTS At the end of the search, 4 articles were included in this review for high-intensity aerobic training and 4 for high-intensity strength training. The studies with an aerobic protocol were applied in the form of High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT), while for strength training, Progressive Resistance Trsining (PRT) programs were proposed. All articles except one, reported improvements in at least one of the outcomes considered. Furthermore, no exacerbations of symptoms were recorded during the intervention period and the subjects maintained high adherence to the intervention programs. CONCLUSIONS HIIT and PRT would appear to be safe and effective interventions for patients with Multiple Sclerosis with low to moderate disability. Future research should focus on evaluating the role of these intervention programs in individuals with higher levels of disability.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/41984