Given the primary strategic and commercial relevance of the Strait of Gibraltar, the analysis of its historical geography is useful to study the development of the historical enclaves and compare them with the contemporary Special Economic Zones. By analyzing the evolution of the function of the Strait from bridge to fault line between arabic and european cultures, have emerged the moves of Portugal and Spain, initially, and England, after, to secure themselves the access to this chokepoint during the Early Modern period. In the Age of Imperialism, in order to avoid the monopolistic control of the Strait, new forms of territoriality were developed, as the Tangier International Zone. The Strait became the key of American dominion in Europe and in the Mediterranean Sea during the Cold War. New actors, as China and European Union, and new challenges, as mass migrations, have emerged during the Global Era, causing deep changes in the territorial order of the region and highlightening the geostrategic relevance of this region. It is possible to study in the region the embrications between global and local, highlighting the dialectic relations between this two forces.
Vista la primaria rilevanza strategica e commerciale dello Stretto di Gibilterra, l'analisi della geografia storica di questo territorio risulta ideale per comparare le enclave vere e proprie con le moderne Special Economic Zones. Esaminando l'evoluzione della funzione dello Stretto, da ponte a linea di faglia tra la cultura europea e quella araba, si sono resi evidenti gli sforzi di Portogallo e Spagna prima, e Inghilterra poi, per garantirsene l'accesso durante l'Età Moderna. Nell'Epoca dell'Imperialismo si sono sviluppate nuove forme di extraterritorialità, come la Zona Internazionale di Tangeri, con lo scopo di evitare una gestione monopolistica dello Stretto. Durante la Guerra fredda, il controllo dello Stretto è diventato chiave per il controllo di Europa e Mar Mediterraneo nel disegno strategico della superpotenza americana. Nell'Epoca globale nuovi attori, come Cina e Unione Europea, e nuove sfide, come le migrazioni, si sono concentrati in questa regione, agendo profondi cambiamenti nell'ordine territoriale della regione ed esaltandone ancora una volta la centralità geografica e strategica. È possibilie studiare in questa regione le embricazioni tra globale e locale, evidenziando il rapporto dialettico presente tra le due forze.
Le enclave nello Stretto di Gibilterra. Forme di extraterritorialità.
VISENTIN, MATTEO
2021/2022
Abstract
Given the primary strategic and commercial relevance of the Strait of Gibraltar, the analysis of its historical geography is useful to study the development of the historical enclaves and compare them with the contemporary Special Economic Zones. By analyzing the evolution of the function of the Strait from bridge to fault line between arabic and european cultures, have emerged the moves of Portugal and Spain, initially, and England, after, to secure themselves the access to this chokepoint during the Early Modern period. In the Age of Imperialism, in order to avoid the monopolistic control of the Strait, new forms of territoriality were developed, as the Tangier International Zone. The Strait became the key of American dominion in Europe and in the Mediterranean Sea during the Cold War. New actors, as China and European Union, and new challenges, as mass migrations, have emerged during the Global Era, causing deep changes in the territorial order of the region and highlightening the geostrategic relevance of this region. It is possible to study in the region the embrications between global and local, highlighting the dialectic relations between this two forces.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/42022