It is now clear that greenery is an element that increasingly permeates our cities, so much so that it has become an integral and inseparable part of them. The conception of it as part of the urban furniture, being limiting, risky in various respects and obsolete, is no longer acceptable, and for this reason State, Regions and Municipalities have realized that it deserves proper care, maintenance and planning. In this context, therefore, new laws specifically aimed at urban greenery or with clear references to it have arisen, with the aim of standardize and enhancing it by reflexively increasing the beauty, livability, ecosustainability and biodiversity of cities. In the text, as per the title of the thesis, the state of green planning in the medium and large municipalities of the Veneto Region is analyzed, i.e., how they have implemented and put into practice the laws concerning green. The main Italian law on green is Law 10 of January 14, 2013, called "Regulations for the development of urban green spaces"; this addresses all municipalities, expressly indicating for municipalities above 15000 inhabitants certain obligations. Thanks to this information it is possible to define the terms "medium and large municipalities," focusing the research on the 63 municipalities in Veneto concerned and going to analyze the green documents they have. This law, in addition to designating November 21 as National Trees Day, speaks (albeit vaguely) of Green Census, Green Plan, Green Regulations and Green Balance Sheet keeping vague about both the compulsoriness and the methods of monitoring the actual presence of them. The analysis therefore focused on the search for the aforementioned documents and was carried out by putting oneself in the shoes of a citizen looking for information regarding one's municipality, thus relying on the web and Transparent Administration sites. In addition to checking the availability of the Green Plan, Regulations, Census and Balance Sheet, their quality and applicative usefulness or accuracy was assessed, as a reflection of the importance given by various municipalities to their flora. The result is as follows: - 8 municipalities have drafted the Green Plan and only two of these municipalities are provincial capitals; - 21 municipalities have drafted Green Regulations; - 14 municipalities rely on a Handbook, while 3 municipalities have other types of documents with similar function (Rural Police Regulations, Green Project, Local Landscape Commission, and Preservation and Use of Green Areas and Municipal Parks); - 7 municipalities have Census of Green and Trees that can be consulted with clarity, completeness and detail; - 20 municipalities have executed the Arboreal Balance Sheet. These data, when compared to those provided by Istat, turn out to be below the National average for Provincial Capitals, revealing a suboptimal situation in the Veneto Region. During the research, a perplexity arose as to how the Green Committee (the body in charge of monitoring the compliance of municipalities with the requirements of Ministerial Decree No. 1444 of April 2, 1968) can annually check all Italian municipalities. Finally, it was noted how the mandatory nature of the various green documents is never specified and the relationship between the Green Plan and other general urban planning tools is not well clarified.
È ormai chiaro come il verde sia un elemento che sempre più permea le nostre città, tanto da diventarne parte integrante ed inscindibile. La concezione di esso in quanto parte dell’arredo urbano, essendo limitante, rischiosa sotto vari punti di vista ed obsoleta, non è più accettabile e per questo Stato, Regioni e Comuni si sono resi conto che merita la giusta cura, manutenzione e pianificazione. In questo contesto sono quindi nate nuove leggi rivolte specificatamente al verde urbano o con chiari riferimenti ad esso, con l’obiettivo di uniformarlo e valorizzarlo aumentando di riflesso bellezza, vivibilità, ecosostenibilità e biodiversità delle città. Nel testo, come da titolo della tesi, si analizza lo stato della pianificazione del verde nei medi e grandi comuni della Regione Veneto, ossia come questi abbiano recepito e messo in pratica le leggi riguardanti il verde. La principale legge italiana sul verde è la Legge 10 del 14 gennaio 2013, denominata “Norme per lo sviluppo degli spazi verdi urbani”; questa si rivolge a tutti i Comuni, indicando espressamente per i Comuni al di sopra dei 15000 abitanti alcuni obblighi. Grazie a questa informazione è possibile definire i termini “medi e grandi Comuni”, concentrando la ricerca sui 63 Comuni veneti interessati ed andando ad analizzare i documenti relativi al verde di cui si sono dotati. Questa legge, oltre ad indicare il 21 novembre come giornata nazionale degli alberi, parla (seppur in modo vago) di Censimento del verde, Piano del Verde, Regolamento del Verde e Bilancio del Verde tenendosi vaga sia sull’obbligatorietà che sui metodi di controllo della effettiva presenza di essi. L’analisi si è quindi incentrata sulla ricerca dei suddetti documenti ed è stata eseguita mettendosi nei panni di un cittadino alla ricerca di informazioni riguardanti il proprio Comune, dunque affidandosi al web e ai siti di Amministrazione Trasparente. Oltre a verificare la disponibilità di Piano, Regolamento, Censimento e Bilancio del Verde, ne è stata valutata la qualità e l’utilità applicativa o la precisione, riflesso dell’importanza data dai vari Comuni alla propria flora. Il risultato è il seguente: - 8 comuni hanno redatto il Piano del Verde e solo due Comuni di questi sono capoluogo di Provincia; - 21 Comuni hanno elaborato il Regolamento del Verde; - 14 Comuni si affidano ad un Prontuario, mentre 3 Comuni presentano altri tipi di documenti con funzione simile (Regolamento di polizia rurale, Progetto verde, Commissione Locale per il Paesaggio e Salvaguardia e uso delle aree verdi e dei parchi comunali); - 7 Comuni sono dotati di Censimento del Verde e delle alberature consultabili con chiarezza, completezza e dettaglio; - 20 Comuni hanno eseguito il Bilancio Arboreo. Questi dati, se paragonati a quelli forniti dall’Istat, si rivelano sotto la media Nazionale dei Capoluoghi di Provincia, rivelando una situazione non ottimale nella Regione Veneto. Durante le ricerche è nata una perplessità riguardo come possa il Comitato del verde (organo preposto al monitoraggio dell’adempienza dei Comuni a quanto prescritto dal Decreto Ministeriale 2 aprile 1968, n. 1444) controllare annualmente tutti i Comuni italiani. Infine si è osservato come l’obbligatorietà dei vari documenti relativi al verde non venga mai specificata e non venga ben chiarito il rapporto tra il Piano del Verde e gli altri strumenti di pianificazione urbanistica generale.
Lo stato della pianificazione del verde nei medi e grandi Comuni della Regione Veneto
SARTOR, FEDERICO
2021/2022
Abstract
It is now clear that greenery is an element that increasingly permeates our cities, so much so that it has become an integral and inseparable part of them. The conception of it as part of the urban furniture, being limiting, risky in various respects and obsolete, is no longer acceptable, and for this reason State, Regions and Municipalities have realized that it deserves proper care, maintenance and planning. In this context, therefore, new laws specifically aimed at urban greenery or with clear references to it have arisen, with the aim of standardize and enhancing it by reflexively increasing the beauty, livability, ecosustainability and biodiversity of cities. In the text, as per the title of the thesis, the state of green planning in the medium and large municipalities of the Veneto Region is analyzed, i.e., how they have implemented and put into practice the laws concerning green. The main Italian law on green is Law 10 of January 14, 2013, called "Regulations for the development of urban green spaces"; this addresses all municipalities, expressly indicating for municipalities above 15000 inhabitants certain obligations. Thanks to this information it is possible to define the terms "medium and large municipalities," focusing the research on the 63 municipalities in Veneto concerned and going to analyze the green documents they have. This law, in addition to designating November 21 as National Trees Day, speaks (albeit vaguely) of Green Census, Green Plan, Green Regulations and Green Balance Sheet keeping vague about both the compulsoriness and the methods of monitoring the actual presence of them. The analysis therefore focused on the search for the aforementioned documents and was carried out by putting oneself in the shoes of a citizen looking for information regarding one's municipality, thus relying on the web and Transparent Administration sites. In addition to checking the availability of the Green Plan, Regulations, Census and Balance Sheet, their quality and applicative usefulness or accuracy was assessed, as a reflection of the importance given by various municipalities to their flora. The result is as follows: - 8 municipalities have drafted the Green Plan and only two of these municipalities are provincial capitals; - 21 municipalities have drafted Green Regulations; - 14 municipalities rely on a Handbook, while 3 municipalities have other types of documents with similar function (Rural Police Regulations, Green Project, Local Landscape Commission, and Preservation and Use of Green Areas and Municipal Parks); - 7 municipalities have Census of Green and Trees that can be consulted with clarity, completeness and detail; - 20 municipalities have executed the Arboreal Balance Sheet. These data, when compared to those provided by Istat, turn out to be below the National average for Provincial Capitals, revealing a suboptimal situation in the Veneto Region. During the research, a perplexity arose as to how the Green Committee (the body in charge of monitoring the compliance of municipalities with the requirements of Ministerial Decree No. 1444 of April 2, 1968) can annually check all Italian municipalities. Finally, it was noted how the mandatory nature of the various green documents is never specified and the relationship between the Green Plan and other general urban planning tools is not well clarified.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/42388