The citizenship of the European Union and the fundamental rights of the individual: a fluctuating relationship

The idea of citizenship has a long history behind it; its origins in classical antiquity and its later realisation in medieval communes are clear evidence of this. It is with the formation of the nation-states, however, that the concept took on the modern meaning from which we must start when discussing European citizenship, a type of citizenship that is, in fact, appropriately placed in a post-national horizon.