Sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) suffers from serious yield fluctuations, strictly linked to cyclic high and low reproductive organs abortion levels in this plant. Studying light effects on fruit set may help control these fluctuations in the future by managing the light spectrum. This work focuses on how different red to blue ratios (R:B) of the light spectrum can influence flower and fruit abortion in sweet pepper and thus determine the fruit set. Moreover, the biochemical mechanisms behind this phenomenon were investigated. For this purpose, a climate room experiment was conducted exposing sweet pepper plants for 5-6 weeks to four light treatments with the same PPFD, around 200 μmol m-2s-1, but different R:B ratios: 0,11, 1,1, 3,0 and 10,1. The number of flowers and fruit aborted was monitored and final fruit set, plant height, leaf area and dry weight of plant organs were measured, as well as fruit soluble sugars and starch content. At the lowest R:B ratio, fruit set, fruit size and fruit fresh and dry weight where significantly reduced; R:B=0,11 and R:B=1,1 significantly reduced leaf and stem dry weight. The treatments affected leaf area differently, while they had no significant effect on leaf number and stem elongation. It was also possible to fit a linear regression function showing that fruit set had a significant increase when the natural logarithm of the R:B ratio increased. Fruit soluble sugar content was not affected by the treatments, while starch levels were significantly lower under R:B=0,11. It is hereby hypothesized that, under lower R:B ratios, photosynthesis and thus the starch content inside fruits are reduced, and this leads to a lower fruit set.
Il peperone (Capsicum annuum L.) è soggetto a grosse fluttuazioni della resa, strettamente connesse all’alternanza tra alti e bassi livelli di aborto degli organi riproduttivi tipica di questa specie. In futuro, grazie allo studio degli effetti della luce sul carico finale di frutti, queste fluttuazioni potrebbero essere controllate tramite un’appropriata gestione dello spettro luminoso. In questo lavoro si è studiato come differenti rapporti tra luce rossa e luce blu (R:B) possano influenzare nel peperone l’aborto di fiori e frutti e, quindi, determinare il carico finale di frutti. Inoltre, si sono indagati i meccanismi biochimici potenzialmente responsabili di questo fenomeno. A questo scopo, si è condotto un esperimento in una camera climatica esponendo per 5-6 settimane delle piante di peperone a quattro diversi trattamenti luminosi con la stessa densità di flusso di fotoni fotosintetici (PPFD), intorno a 200 μmol m-2s-1, ma con differenti rapporti R:B: 0,11, 1,1, 3,0, 10,1. Si è monitorato il numero di fiori e frutti abortiti e si sono valutati parametri quali il carico finale di frutti, l’altezza delle piante, l’area fogliare e il peso secco dei vari organi vegetali, nonché il contenuto di zuccheri solubili e amido dei frutti. Sotto il più basso rapporto R:B, il carico finale di frutti, la dimensione, il peso fresco e secco dei frutti sono risultati significativamente inferiori rispetto agli altri trattamenti; i trattamenti con R:B=0,11 e R:B=1,1 hanno causato una riduzione significativa del peso secco di foglie e fusti. I vari trattamenti hanno portato a differenze significative in termini di area fogliare, mentre non hanno avuto alcun effetto significativo sul numero di foglie e sull’allungamento dei fusti. È stato anche possibile creare una regressione lineare che mostra come, all’aumentare del logaritmo naturale del rapporto R:B, il carico finale di frutti abbia un incremento significativo. Il contenuto di zuccheri solubili nei frutti non è stato influenzato dai trattamenti, mentre il contenuto di amido è risultato significativamente inferiore nel trattamento R:B=0,11. Pertanto si ipotizza che, con rapporti R:B inferiori, i livelli di fotosintesi, e quindi il contenuto di amido all’interno dei frutti, siano ridotti, e che questi due fenomeni portino a un carico finale di frutti inferiore.
Climate room study on sweet pepper under LED lighting: can red to blue ratio be a good index for fruit set?
DALLA VILLA, VALENTINA
2022/2023
Abstract
Sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) suffers from serious yield fluctuations, strictly linked to cyclic high and low reproductive organs abortion levels in this plant. Studying light effects on fruit set may help control these fluctuations in the future by managing the light spectrum. This work focuses on how different red to blue ratios (R:B) of the light spectrum can influence flower and fruit abortion in sweet pepper and thus determine the fruit set. Moreover, the biochemical mechanisms behind this phenomenon were investigated. For this purpose, a climate room experiment was conducted exposing sweet pepper plants for 5-6 weeks to four light treatments with the same PPFD, around 200 μmol m-2s-1, but different R:B ratios: 0,11, 1,1, 3,0 and 10,1. The number of flowers and fruit aborted was monitored and final fruit set, plant height, leaf area and dry weight of plant organs were measured, as well as fruit soluble sugars and starch content. At the lowest R:B ratio, fruit set, fruit size and fruit fresh and dry weight where significantly reduced; R:B=0,11 and R:B=1,1 significantly reduced leaf and stem dry weight. The treatments affected leaf area differently, while they had no significant effect on leaf number and stem elongation. It was also possible to fit a linear regression function showing that fruit set had a significant increase when the natural logarithm of the R:B ratio increased. Fruit soluble sugar content was not affected by the treatments, while starch levels were significantly lower under R:B=0,11. It is hereby hypothesized that, under lower R:B ratios, photosynthesis and thus the starch content inside fruits are reduced, and this leads to a lower fruit set.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/43043