"Towards a Smart and Sustainable Energy Future: Investigating the Potential of V2H Technology for Household Energy Management and Grid Integration"

The international community has made several accords to tackle climate change, with the most recent being the Paris Agreement of 2016. The electricity/heat and transportation sectors are the biggest contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. Electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming more popular due to regulations limiting polluting emissions, renewable energy sources, and improved storage systems. EVs do not require fossil fuels and emit no pollutants locally, making them quieter than their internal combustion engine competitors. EVs are eligible for incentives and have a lower cost per kilometer than internal combustion engine vehicles. EVs and solar energy are technologies that are disrupting their industries, and effective control strategies for EV charging will be needed in the future. Smart Charging (SCH) and Vehicle Grid Integration (VGI) technologies are developed to improve EV use. V2H technology has advantages for self-consumption, but a more general validity of V2H is envisaged in this work where the EV is not forced to stay at home. V2G technology, which enables the exchange of electricity between the EV and the distribution network, allows for the storage of energy in EVs during production hours and use when the grid experiences high demand. This work aims to evaluate the advantages of using EVs with photovoltaic systems and domestic battery charging, including economic savings and self-consumption, and the benefits that can be obtained through V2H technology connected to a nanogrid.