Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a severe mental disorder characterized by positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms. Cognitive symptoms have a high incidence and great impact on the quality of life of SCZ patients. N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor hypofunction may be an important cause of SCZ. MK-801 (Dizocilpine), a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, is used in rodents as an animal model of SCZ since it recapitulates positive (locomotor hyperactivity) but also cognitive symptoms of the disorder. Sleep and circadian rhythm disruption (SCRD) is a common feature of SCZ and is associated with symptom severity and the quality of life. Melatonin (MLT) is an important endogenous modulator of the circadian rhythms, and dysfunctions in the MLT system have been shown in SCZ. MLT non-selectively interacts with G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) named MT1 and MT2 located in brain areas involved in controlling the sleep-wake cycle as well as emotions and behavior. However, their possible selective role in the pathophysiology and psychopharmacology of SCZ is still to be determined. The aim of this project is thus to study in-vivo the pharmacological effects of the selective MLT MT2 receptors partial agonist UCM-924 towards the positive and cognitive symptoms of SCZ using the MK-801 mouse model of the disorder. In the open field test the analysis of the distance travelled, average speed, time spent in the center of the apparatus rather than in the periphery show that UCM924 is able to reduce MK-801 induced hyperactive behavior. Concerning the cognitive symptoms and social impairments, T-maze and 3 chamber tests have been performed, respectively. I In the 3 chambers test, the animals treated with MK801 show no social interaction preference, and the ones treated with UCM-924 restores a social preference for the new, previously unfamiliar animal. In the T-Maze test, UCM924 was restoring to control level the reduced percentage of correct alternances between the two arms. These preliminary data demonstrate that selective activation of MLT MT2 receptors deserve to be further investigated for the psychopharmacology of SCZ.
La schizofrenia (SCZ) è un grave disturbo mentale caratterizzato da sintomi positivi, negativi e cognitivi. I sintomi cognitivi hanno un'alta incidenza e un grande impatto sulla qualità di vita dei pazienti con SCZ. L'ipofunzione dei recettori dell'acido N-metil-d-aspartico (NMDA) può essere una causa importante della SCZ. L'MK-801 (dizocilpina), un'antagonista non competitivo dei recettori NMDA, è utilizzato nei roditori come modello animale di SCZ, poiché ricrea i sintomi positivi (iperattività locomotoria) ma anche cognitivi del disturbo. L'alterazione del sonno e del ritmo circadiano (SCRD) è una caratteristica comune della SCZ ed è associata alla gravità dei sintomi e alla qualità della vita. La melatonina (MLT) è un importante modulatore endogeno dei ritmi circadiani e nella SCZ sono state evidenziate disfunzioni del sistema MLT. La MLT interagisce in modo non selettivo con i recettori accoppiati a proteine G (GPCR) denominati MT1 e MT2 situati in aree cerebrali coinvolte nel controllo del ciclo sonno-veglia, delle emozioni e del comportamento. Tuttavia, il loro possibile ruolo selettivo nella fisiopatologia e nella psicofarmacologia della SCZ deve ancora essere determinato. Lo scopo di questo progetto è quindi quello di studiare in vivo gli effetti farmacologici dell'agonista parziale dei recettori MLT MT2, UCM-924, nei confronti dei sintomi positivi e cognitivi della SCZ utilizzando il modello murino MK-801 del disturbo. Nel test open field l'analisi della distanza percorsa, della velocità media, del tempo trascorso al centro dell'apparato piuttosto che in periferia mostrano che UCM924 è in grado di ridurre il comportamento iperattivo indotto da MK-801. Per quanto riguarda i sintomi cognitivi e le menomazioni sociali, sono stati eseguiti rispettivamente il test T-maze e il test 3 chambers. Nel test 3 chambers, gli animali trattati con MK801 non mostrano alcuna preferenza per l'interazione sociale, mentre quelli trattati con UCM-924 ripristinano una preferenza sociale per il nuovo animale, precedentemente non familiare. Nel test T-Maze, l'UCM924 ripristinava a livello di controllo la ridotta percentuale di alternanze corrette tra i due bracci. Questi dati preliminari dimostrano che l'attivazione selettiva dei recettori MT2 della MLT merita di essere ulteriormente studiata per la psicofarmacologia della SCZ.
Studio gli effetti di un agonista parziale e selettivo del recettore MT2 della melatonina nel modello murino MK-801 della schizofrenia.
ZUFFADA, LEONARDO
2022/2023
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a severe mental disorder characterized by positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms. Cognitive symptoms have a high incidence and great impact on the quality of life of SCZ patients. N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor hypofunction may be an important cause of SCZ. MK-801 (Dizocilpine), a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, is used in rodents as an animal model of SCZ since it recapitulates positive (locomotor hyperactivity) but also cognitive symptoms of the disorder. Sleep and circadian rhythm disruption (SCRD) is a common feature of SCZ and is associated with symptom severity and the quality of life. Melatonin (MLT) is an important endogenous modulator of the circadian rhythms, and dysfunctions in the MLT system have been shown in SCZ. MLT non-selectively interacts with G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) named MT1 and MT2 located in brain areas involved in controlling the sleep-wake cycle as well as emotions and behavior. However, their possible selective role in the pathophysiology and psychopharmacology of SCZ is still to be determined. The aim of this project is thus to study in-vivo the pharmacological effects of the selective MLT MT2 receptors partial agonist UCM-924 towards the positive and cognitive symptoms of SCZ using the MK-801 mouse model of the disorder. In the open field test the analysis of the distance travelled, average speed, time spent in the center of the apparatus rather than in the periphery show that UCM924 is able to reduce MK-801 induced hyperactive behavior. Concerning the cognitive symptoms and social impairments, T-maze and 3 chamber tests have been performed, respectively. I In the 3 chambers test, the animals treated with MK801 show no social interaction preference, and the ones treated with UCM-924 restores a social preference for the new, previously unfamiliar animal. In the T-Maze test, UCM924 was restoring to control level the reduced percentage of correct alternances between the two arms. These preliminary data demonstrate that selective activation of MLT MT2 receptors deserve to be further investigated for the psychopharmacology of SCZ.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/48065