MPC-based centralised power control in power distribution system with EV and PV coordination

The shift from internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles to electric vehicles (EV) in recent times has been driven primarily by the need to reduce emissions and address climate change. The transition to a sustainable, low-carbon energy system requires efficient management of electrical energy, particularly in the context of photovoltaic (PV) power generation and electric vehicle (EV) charging. The first challenge is the synchronization of EV charging with PV production. Demand-response programs and time-of-use pricing systems are effective mechanisms to incentivize EV owners to adjust their charging behaviour based on the availability of PV generation and demand. overall electricity. This approach optimizes energy use and grid balancing. Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology is being explored as a bi-directional power flow solution, allowing EVs to supply electricity to the grid during peak demand or when PV generation is insufficient. The integration of V2G capabilities allows electric vehicles to provide grid stabilization services and support the integration of intermittent renewable energy sources. Energy management systems (EMS) play a critical role in optimizing photovoltaic generation, electric vehicle charging, and other energy resources. Using advanced algorithms and optimization techniques, EMS takes into account factors such as PV generation forecasts, electricity demand, EV charging requirements and grid constraints. The result is an intelligent energy planning mechanism that minimizes grid constraints, maximizes the use of renewable energy and reduces operating costs.