The Disk-Gap-Band parachute is widely used as decelerator for capsule landing on extraterrestrial planets for its performances, and the thesis aims to study its dynamics. The parachute and the capsule are based on ExoMars 2022 mission. The compressible flow around the parachute-capsule system is simulated using the Large-Eddy Simulation, at Mach = 2 and Reynolds = 10^6; boundary conditions at the fluid-structure interface are enforced through an IBM. The Navier-Stokes equations are solved using the in-house code STREAmS. Simulation results are studied giving particular attention to the aerodynamic interaction between the capsule wake and the bow shock ahead of the parachute. This behavior leads to flow, and consequently, parachute oscillations, generating an unstable system. This instability is related to the “breathing” phenomenon, that cause large variations in drag coefficient, and this is a critical aspect since the parachute has to slow down the capsule, ensuring it a safe landing. Due to its importance, for the “breathing” is proposed an analytical model, used to perform a stability analysis as function of the parachutes characteristics.
Il paracadute Disk-Gap-Band è ampiamente utilizzato come dispositivo per rallentare le capsule che atterrano su pianeti extraterrestri per le sue prestazioni, e lo scopo della tesi è studiarne la dinamica. Il paracadute e la capsula sono basati sulla missione ExoMars 2022. Il flusso compressibile attorno al sistema paracadute-capsula è simulato utilizzando una Large-Eddy Simulation, a Mach = 2 e Reynolds = 10^6; le condizioni al contorno all’interfaccia fluido-struttura sono imposte mediante l’IBM. Le equazioni di Navier-Stokes sono risolte utilizzando il codice “in-house” STREAmS. I risultati della simulazione sono studiati ponendo particolare attenzione all’interazione aerodinamica tra la scia della capsula, e l’onda d’urto davanti al paracadute . Questo comportamento porta ad oscillazioni del flusso e, conseguentemente, ad oscillazioni del paracadute, dando vita ad un sistema instabile. Questa instabilità è collegata al fenomeno del “breathing”, il quale causa grandi variazioni del coefficiente di drag, e ciò è un aspetto critico dal momento che il paracadute deve rallentare la capsula, assicurandole un atterraggio sicuro. Data la sua importanza, per il “breathing” viene proposto un modello analitico, utilizzato per condurre un’analisi di stabilità in funzione delle caratteristiche del paracadute.
Aerodynamics analysis of a parachute-capsule system in a Mars atmosphere reentry
TRAVERSI, FEDERICO
2022/2023
Abstract
The Disk-Gap-Band parachute is widely used as decelerator for capsule landing on extraterrestrial planets for its performances, and the thesis aims to study its dynamics. The parachute and the capsule are based on ExoMars 2022 mission. The compressible flow around the parachute-capsule system is simulated using the Large-Eddy Simulation, at Mach = 2 and Reynolds = 10^6; boundary conditions at the fluid-structure interface are enforced through an IBM. The Navier-Stokes equations are solved using the in-house code STREAmS. Simulation results are studied giving particular attention to the aerodynamic interaction between the capsule wake and the bow shock ahead of the parachute. This behavior leads to flow, and consequently, parachute oscillations, generating an unstable system. This instability is related to the “breathing” phenomenon, that cause large variations in drag coefficient, and this is a critical aspect since the parachute has to slow down the capsule, ensuring it a safe landing. Due to its importance, for the “breathing” is proposed an analytical model, used to perform a stability analysis as function of the parachutes characteristics.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/55245