Push and Pull Factors of Educational Migration From Iran to Italy.

Today, higher education's benefits and positive effects have been revealed more than ever. As a result, the popularity of higher education has increased so that admission and entry into universities in many countries are made in very competitive conditions. Of course, all classes and stakeholders are somehow involved in meeting the needs of higher education. However, as the most important factor, the government still has a dominant role and contribution in management, leadership, and financing. In the meantime, the phenomenon of globalization of activities and technical developments (especially in the field of information and communication technology) has provided both the necessity of the development of higher education and the possibility of its internationalization. Over the past 25 years, internationalization has evolved from a marginal and minor component to a global, strategic, and mainstream factor in higher education [1]. In recent years, internationalization in higher education has changed from a concept that was only related to the transfer of students to a broader concept that requires program modification, quality improvement in education and research, use of new technologies, strategic management at the institution level, and competition. On the one hand, the internationalization category of universities requires strategic policy-making to take appropriate measures to improve research, educational, and service activities. On the other hand, to internationalize the activities of universities, it seems necessary to create a dynamic platform to establish coordination between different university departments.