Freia: A Highly Scalable, Globally Distributed, Digital Twin Oriented Middleware for the IoT

This thesis explores the intricacies of designing and implementing a robust and scalable IoT middleware platform built on a microservices architecture, which leverages advanced state-of-the-art technologies, including gRPC communication, Redis for fast efficient data storage, and containers orchestration with ECS. The thesis delves into the formalization of algorithms for handling asynchronous message processing, ensuring reliability even in the face of network disruptions and device inconsistencies, leveraging formal models like the Calculus of Communicating Systems. Through the lens of various technologies the work critically analyzes their suitability for specific use cases within the IoT ecosystem, in the context of each microservice. This work also investigates provisioning mechanisms, examining the advantages and trade-offs between different approaches. The implementation includes an examination of Ruby metaprogramming, providing insights into its application for enhanced platform flexibility. The culmination of this research contributes valuable insights into the design, development, and optimization of microservices-based IoT platforms, addressing key challenges in the rapidly evolving landscape of Internet of Things technologies.