The development of the protection of fundamental rights has been a gradual process over the years. Both through the work of the European institutions and through the jurisprudence of the European Court of Justice, we have arrived at a comprehensive but at the same time too fragile system of protection. With the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the Union, we have a normative recognition of human rights, but the ambiguity of its legal value creates a number of problems, which are reflected, for example, in the difficulties of the accession negotiations with the ECHR. Article 7 TEU and the infringement procedure are the instruments within the European Union that provide an effective response to violations of fundamental rights committed by Member States: these instruments, as the cases of Poland and Hungary show, are the only ones at the Union's disposal to protect human rights and the rule of law, but the debate on their effectiveness and implementation is still ongoing.
L’evoluzione della tutela dei diritti fondamentali è stato un processo progressivo nel corso degli anni. Sia tramite l’operato delle Istituzioni europee, sia attraverso la giurisprudenza della Corte di giustizia europea, siamo arrivati ad un sistema di tutela esteso ma allo stesso tempo troppo fragile. Con la Carta dei diritti fondamentali dell’Unione si ha un riconoscimento normativo dei diritti umani, ma l’ambiguità circa il suo valore giuridico crea non poche problematiche, riflettute, ad esempio, dalla difficoltà delle trattative di adesione alla CEDU. Sono l’articolo 7 del TUE e la procedura d’infrazione gli strumenti in seno all’Unione Europea che forniscono un’effettiva risposta alle violazioni dei diritti fondamentali commessi dagli Stati membri: questi strumenti, come evidenziano i casi di Polonia ed Ungheria, sono gli unici in mano all’Unione per tutelare i diritti umani e la rule of law, ma il dibattito circa la loro efficacia e la loro implementazione è ancora in divenire.
L'Unione Europea dispone di strumenti adeguati per reagire alla violazione grave dei diritti umani negli Stati Membri?
EL MOUKADAR, HAMZA
2023/2024
Abstract
The development of the protection of fundamental rights has been a gradual process over the years. Both through the work of the European institutions and through the jurisprudence of the European Court of Justice, we have arrived at a comprehensive but at the same time too fragile system of protection. With the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the Union, we have a normative recognition of human rights, but the ambiguity of its legal value creates a number of problems, which are reflected, for example, in the difficulties of the accession negotiations with the ECHR. Article 7 TEU and the infringement procedure are the instruments within the European Union that provide an effective response to violations of fundamental rights committed by Member States: these instruments, as the cases of Poland and Hungary show, are the only ones at the Union's disposal to protect human rights and the rule of law, but the debate on their effectiveness and implementation is still ongoing.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/62176