Triterpenoid Saponins in Gleditsia sinensis: Structural Elucidation and LC-MS- Based Metabolomics

This thesis is aimed at exploring the composition and properties of triterpenoid saponins found in Gleditsia sinensis, a tree commonly used in traditional medicine. Qualities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-viral effects are known to be possessed by these saponins. The research primarily focuses on the development and optimization of a method using LC-MS (Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry) to analyze the metabolomics of Gleditsia sinensis extract. The objective is to identify and quantify the triterpenoid saponins along with metabolites present in the extract. To accomplish this, chromatography and thin-layer chromatography techniques were employed to obtain various fractions of the saponins, which were further examined for their bioactivity in cell lines. To achieve the analysis of triterpenoid saponins in Gleditsia sinensis, an LC-MS method was developed that prioritized sensitivity and accuracy. Through optimization, separation, and detection of not only the saponins but also other metabolites within the extract were obtained. To elucidate the structures of these saponins, the LC-MS method was combined with NMR spectroscopy. Furthermore, evaluation of the fractions that exhibited promising properties in terms of reducing inflammation and combating tumors was delved into, highlighting the potential use of these saponins as therapeutic agents. Overall, an examination of the triterpenoid saponins found in Gleditsia sinensis and their potential effects on biological processes is offered by this study. The establishment and refinement of the LC-MS technique for analyzing the extract's metabolomics can serve as a foundation for research on Gleditsia sinensis and other medicinal plants. Additionally, understanding the structures of these saponins may contribute to the development of novel medications and treatments for various diseases.