In the DNA of the evolution of inclusion there is a story that began in the seventies with the scholastic integration of pupils with disabilities, passing through 2010 with Law no. 170 regarding DSA, and then concluding in 2012 with pupils with various SEN. A great story, deeply intertwined with students who present some form of fragility and who live a dimension defined by problems, by maladaptation. Therefore, we can affirm that the term "inclusion" still evokes a category of students with "a-typicality" who, through various devices, experience a sort of adaptation to a typical context, regulated by a pre-packaged normality. Perhaps the term "inclusion" does not exhaust the widespread desire to talk about 100% of students, each of whom has his own singularity and uniqueness. The founding idea of a new definition of teaching is that the learning processes activated must be enjoyed effectively by all students, both in terms of physical accessibility to places and materials, in other words participation must be guaranteed, both in terms of cognitive accessibility, proposing teaching that is close to different learning styles. A conceptualization not limited to the sphere of learning but which opens up and welcomes the globality of the person, opening the gaze to his social and affective as well as cognitive dimension. The student is now an active participant in the development of the shared educational context, an integral part of a shared cultural horizon built together. These assumptions can be found in that teaching approach known as station teaching, which is positioned within a broader framework defined as open teaching. A proposal that looks beyond that history of educational adaptations that have accompanied us up to this point.
Nel DNA dell’evoluzione dell’inclusione c’è la storia che ha inizio negli anni Settanta con l’integrazione scolastica degli alunni con disabilità passando per il 2010 con la Legge n.170 che riguarda i DSA, per poi concludere nel 2012 con gli alunni con vari BES. Una grande storia, profondamente intrecciata ad alunni che presentano una qualche forma di fragilità e che vivono una dimensione definita da problematicità, da dis-adattamento. Dunque, possiamo affermare che la locuzione “inclusione” evochi ancora una categoria di alunni portatori di “a-tipicità” i quali attraverso svariati dispositivi vivono una sorta di adattamento ad un contesto tipico, regolato da una normalità preconfezionata. Forse il termine “inclusione” non esaurisce il desiderio diffuso di parlare del 100% degli alunni, ciascuno dei quali è portatore di una propria singolarità e unicità. L'idea fondante di una nuova definizione di didattica è che i processi di apprendimento attivati debbano essere fruiti efficacemente da tutti gli alunni, sia in termini di accessibilità fisica a luoghi e materiali, in altri termini deve essere garantita la partecipazione, sia sul piano dell’accessibilità cognitiva, proponendo una didattica che sia prossima ai differenti stili di apprendimento. Una concettualizzazione non limitata alla sfera degli apprendimenti ma che si apre e accoglie la globalità della persona, aprendo lo sguardo alla sua dimensione sociale e affettiva oltre che cognitiva. L'alunno ora è partecipante attivo allo sviluppo del contesto educativo condiviso, parte integrante di un orizzonte culturale condiviso insieme costruito. Questi assunti sono rinvenibili in quell'approccio didattico conosciuto come didattica a stazioni, la quale si posiziona all'interno di una cornice più ampia definita didattica aperta. Una proposta che butta lo sguardo oltre a quella storia di adattamenti didattici che ci hanno fino a qui accompagnato.
OLTRE L'INCLUSIONE CON LA DIDATTICA A STAZIONI da una storia di adattamenti didattici ad una proposta didattica accessibile a tutti
FORNASA, CHIARA
2023/2024
Abstract
In the DNA of the evolution of inclusion there is a story that began in the seventies with the scholastic integration of pupils with disabilities, passing through 2010 with Law no. 170 regarding DSA, and then concluding in 2012 with pupils with various SEN. A great story, deeply intertwined with students who present some form of fragility and who live a dimension defined by problems, by maladaptation. Therefore, we can affirm that the term "inclusion" still evokes a category of students with "a-typicality" who, through various devices, experience a sort of adaptation to a typical context, regulated by a pre-packaged normality. Perhaps the term "inclusion" does not exhaust the widespread desire to talk about 100% of students, each of whom has his own singularity and uniqueness. The founding idea of a new definition of teaching is that the learning processes activated must be enjoyed effectively by all students, both in terms of physical accessibility to places and materials, in other words participation must be guaranteed, both in terms of cognitive accessibility, proposing teaching that is close to different learning styles. A conceptualization not limited to the sphere of learning but which opens up and welcomes the globality of the person, opening the gaze to his social and affective as well as cognitive dimension. The student is now an active participant in the development of the shared educational context, an integral part of a shared cultural horizon built together. These assumptions can be found in that teaching approach known as station teaching, which is positioned within a broader framework defined as open teaching. A proposal that looks beyond that history of educational adaptations that have accompanied us up to this point.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/62582