Internationalization of Tertiary Education. Comparative study of Italy and Germany as receiving countries in the context of international academic mobility

Internationalization of higher education has long been one of the main vessels of globalization. This thesis examines the internationalization of tertiary education through a comparative lens, focusing on Italy and Germany as receiving countries for international academic mobility. The aim is to analyze the policies, practices, and challenges associated with attracting and integrating international students in these two nations, especially for those arriving from non-European Union states. A mixed-methods approach is employed, combining qualitative and quantitative analyses. Qualitative methods include reviews of migration policies, higher education systems and scholarship networks available to local and international students. Quantitative analysis involves the examination of statistical data on enrollment patterns, citizenship of students, choice of academic programs, and changes of migration status, with a focus on the most popular sending countries in the past decade. The research identifies key drivers that shape the attractiveness of Italy and Germany as study destinations. Factors such as educational quality, language barriers, cultural integration, scholarship availability, and employment prospects for international graduates are explored in depth. By comparing the approaches adopted by both countries, this study uncovers similarities, differences, and best practices in managing international academic mobility. The findings highlight the significance of effective policies and support mechanisms in enhancing the experiences of international students and attracting new ones, as major educational hubs are moving towards developing countries. Overall, this research contributes to the understanding of the complexities surrounding the internationalization of tertiary education, offering insights into the experiences of international students in Italy and Germany. The comparative analysis provides a foundation for policymakers, higher education institutions, and stakeholders to enhance their strategies for accommodating and integrating international students effectively.