The emissions of Greenhouse gas (GHG), and in particular of carbon dioxide (CO2), are identified as the main responsible for climate change. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is considered a key option to achieve the decarbonization of the industrial sector, particularly of the hard-to-decarbonize industry. CCS involves a series of technologies designed to capture, transport and ultimately store CO2 in secure geological formations. In this thesis project is examined the technical and economic viability of implementing a large-scale CO2 infrastructure for steel, cement, and refinery industry in the South-Europe region. Three types of capture stages are considered: post-combustion, pre-combustion, and oxy-fuel combustion, from 5 steel mills, 42 cement plan and 25 refineries. The transport phase is conducted with pipelines (both onshore and offshore) and ships. Only offshore sequestration is considered, as it seems to be the only feasible option currently. The carbon capture and storage supply chain is here optimized via mixed integer linear programming (MILP) framework, using the GAMS software. The final aim of this work is to determine the optimal routes and their characteristics for an increasing carbon reduction target during time.
Le emissioni di gas a effetto serra (GHG), e in particolare di anidride carbonica (CO2), sono identificate come le principali responsabili del cambiamento climatico. La cattura e lo stoccaggio del carbonio (CCS) sono considerati un'opzione chiave per raggiungere la decarbonizzazione del settore industriale, in particolare di quello difficile da decarbonizzare. La CCS comporta una serie di tecnologie progettate per catturare, trasportare e infine stoccare la CO2 in formazioni geologiche sicure. In questo progetto di tesi viene esaminata la fattibilità tecnica ed economica dell'implementazione di un'infrastruttura di CO2 su larga scala per l'industria dell'acciaio, del cemento e delle raffinerie nella regione del Sud-Europa. Sono stati considerati tre tipi di fasi di cattura: post-combustione, pre-combustione e ossicombustione, da 5 acciaierie, 42 cementifici e 25 raffinerie. La fase di trasporto è condotta con oleodotti (sia via terra che via mare) e navi. Viene preso in considerazione solo il sequestro in mare, in quanto sembra essere l'unica opzione attualmente praticabile. La catena di approvvigionamento per la cattura e lo stoccaggio del carbonio è ottimizzata tramite una programmazione lineare mista a interi (MILP), utilizzando il software GAMS. L'obiettivo finale di questo lavoro è determinare la struttura ottimale e le sue caratteristiche per un obiettivo di riduzione del carbonio crescente nel tempo.
Optimisation of a multi-modal Carbon Capture and Storage network for Mediterranean CO2 emission points
CRISTINI, MARCO
2023/2024
Abstract
The emissions of Greenhouse gas (GHG), and in particular of carbon dioxide (CO2), are identified as the main responsible for climate change. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is considered a key option to achieve the decarbonization of the industrial sector, particularly of the hard-to-decarbonize industry. CCS involves a series of technologies designed to capture, transport and ultimately store CO2 in secure geological formations. In this thesis project is examined the technical and economic viability of implementing a large-scale CO2 infrastructure for steel, cement, and refinery industry in the South-Europe region. Three types of capture stages are considered: post-combustion, pre-combustion, and oxy-fuel combustion, from 5 steel mills, 42 cement plan and 25 refineries. The transport phase is conducted with pipelines (both onshore and offshore) and ships. Only offshore sequestration is considered, as it seems to be the only feasible option currently. The carbon capture and storage supply chain is here optimized via mixed integer linear programming (MILP) framework, using the GAMS software. The final aim of this work is to determine the optimal routes and their characteristics for an increasing carbon reduction target during time.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Tesi magistrale Marco Cristini.pdf
embargo fino al 12/04/2025
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/64445