Designing of a solar water pumping system in Sudan

Nowadays, the primary source of energy is fossil fuel, that covers approximately 79% of the primary energy consumed in the world, [71] including transportation, heating, and electrical generation. But there are limited reservoirs of fossil fuels on the Earth that will eventually run out. So, it has become clear that to find alternative source for energy, [58] especially solar energy which is very abundant in Sudan. Sudan is in the transition to renewable energy sources after it lost its oil – rich south part in a referendum in 2011 [12]. This project aims to design a system to pump water from the wells, solar powered using solar panels, the selection of system components has been made in a way that lights harmonically. Also, it included a study of the theory including explaining all system components in theory and practical design work using the PVsyst & SOLD WORKS program of the project. The project concluded that with the necessary pumping quantity specified in advance, data energy account and found (4 KW) were selected (64 capacity of 200 W), also the pump type was selected and it was equipped with its own control compatible with the quantity and height specified in advance submersible pump (PS4000 C-SJ8-15) and controller PS4000 were selected. Tilt angle also been identified (15° on the horizontal level).Also the thesis included the use of design software to design a water-pumping under water quantity (104m^3/day) and depth(160m) as compared to the results of the program the results of a similar program for the same data and found the difference in the energy account (+0.0035%) and full compatibility in choosing components the system. As well as the efficiency of the system account and found (38.89%), and finally study included a comparison between the techniques used in water pumping systems and comparing them with the technology of solar energy use and the results are economical compared to solar-powered (1.783% electrical) and (29.456% internal combustion engines), as the study included compared to the same environmental with discussion of the future of solar energy in Sudan solar energy as an alternative partially.